Amakuru

Ibiranga Aloyi za Zinc

Imiterere y'ingenzi:

Ubucucike buri hejuru.

Imiterere myiza yo gucukura; ishobora gukora ibice bigoye kandi bifite inkuta nto kandi bifite ubuso bworoshye.

Bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gutunganya ubuso: gukoresha amashanyarazi, gusiga ifu, no gusiga amarangi.

Ntikurura icyuma mu gihe cyo gushonga no gushonga, ntigihindura icyuma, kandi ntigifata ku ibumba.

Imiterere myiza cyane ya mekanike kandi irwanya kwangirika mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba.

Ahantu hato ho gushonga (385°C), bigatuma byoroha kuyicukura.

Ingingo zo Kwitondera Mu Gihe Ukoresha:

Ubudahangarwa bubi bwo kwangirika

Iyo ibintu by'umwanda nka lead, cadmium, na tin birengeje urugero rw'ibikubiye mu ruganda, bituma icyuma gisaza kandi kigahinduka, bikagaragara nk'ubwiyongere bw'ingano n'igabanuka rikomeye ry'imiterere ya mekanike—cyane cyane plastike—kandi bishobora no gutuma habaho kuvunika uko igihe kigenda gihita. Lead, tin, na cadmium bifite ubushobozi buke bwo gushonga muri zinc alloys bityo bikaba byibanda ku mbibi z'ingano, bigakora nka cathodes, mu gihe umuti ukomeye wa aluminiyumu ukora nk'anode. Iyo hari umwuka w'amazi (electrolyte), ibi bituma habaho kwangirika kw'amashanyarazi hagati y'uduce duto. Ibice bya electrochemical bishwanyagurika bishaje bitewe no kwangirika hagati y'uduce duto.

Ingaruka z'ubusaza

Imiterere mito ya aloyi za zinc igizwe ahanini n’ibisubizo bikomeye bikungahaye kuri zinc birimo Al na Cu, hamwe n’ibisubizo bikomeye bikungahaye kuri Al birimo Zn. Gushonga kwabyo kugabanuka uko ubushyuhe bugabanuka. Ariko, bitewe n’umuvuduko w’ibice bicukurwaho amazi wihuta cyane, gushonga kw’ibi bisubizo bikomeye ahanini kuzura iyo igice kigeze ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba. Nyuma y’igihe runaka, uku gushonga kugenda buhoro buhoro, bigatera impinduka nke mu miterere n’ingano by’ibisubizo.

Ingano z'ubushyuhe

Ibikoresho bya zinc alloy die-casts ntibigomba gukoreshwa ahantu hakorerwa ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe buke (munsi ya 0°C). Zinc alloys zigaragaza imiterere myiza ya mekanike mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba. Ariko, imbaraga zo gukurura ziragabanuka cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi, naho imbaraga zo gukubita zikagabanuka cyane mu bushyuhe buke.

Ubwoko bwa Aloyi za Zinc

Ubwoko bw'aluloyi	Ibiranga n'Imikoreshereze
Zamak 3	Ifite ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza no gukora neza. Ikoreshwa mu gucukura ibikoresho bifite ingufu nkeya, nk'ibikinisho, amatara, ibintu byo gushushanya, n'ibindi bikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'amashanyarazi.
Zamak 5	Ifite ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza kandi ifite imiterere myiza ya mekanike. Ikoreshwa mu gucukura ibikoresho bifite ingufu ziciriritse za mekanike, nk'ibice by'imodoka, ibice by'amashanyarazi, ibice by'imekanike, n'ibice by'amashanyarazi.
Zamak 2	Ikoreshwa ku bice bya mekanike bifite ibisabwa byihariye mu mikorere ya mekanike, ibisabwa mu bukonje bwinshi, hamwe n'ibisabwa mu buryo rusange bwo gukora neza.
ZA8	Ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ihamye, ariko ifite ubushyuhe buke. Ikoreshwa mu gucukura ibikoresho bito bifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru n'imbaraga za mekanike, nk'ibice by'amashanyarazi.
Superloy	Uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ibintu, bukoreshwa mu gucukura ibikoresho bifite inkuta nto, nini, bifite imiterere ihanitse kandi igoye, nk'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'aho bifungira.

Aloyi zitandukanye za zinc zifite imiterere yihariye n'imiterere ya mekanike, bigatuma habaho ubworoherane mu miterere y'ibice byakozwe mu buryo bwa die-cast.

III

Amahitamo ya Zinc Alloys

Guhitamo aloyi ya zinc bigenwa ahanini n'ibintu bitatu:

Uburyo igice cya die-cast gikoreshwa n'ibipimo bisabwa by'imikorere.

(1) Imiterere ya mekanike

Imbaraga zo gukurura, ari byo gukomera cyane kw'ikintu mbere yo kuvunika; uburebure, bupima uburinganire hagati yo kugorama no kudakomera; n'ubukana, ari byo gukomera kw'ubuso bw'ikintu ku guhindagurika kwa pulasitiki guterwa no gucika cyangwa gukururana kw'ikintu gikomeye.

(2) Imiterere y'ibidukikije bikorerwamo

Ubushyuhe bwo gukora, ubushuhe, igikoresho gikoreshwa n'aho gikorera, hamwe n'ibisabwa kugira ngo umwuka ugume mu kirere.

(3) Ibisabwa ku buryo bunonosoye

Ubuziranenge bushoboka n'ubudahangarwa bw'ibipimo.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibintu

(1) Uburyo bwo gukata

(2) Uburyo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bufatika

(3) Uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso

Iterambere ryiza mu bukungu

Ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho fatizo n'ibisabwa ku bikoresho byo gukora (harimo ibikoresho byo gushongesha, imashini zitunganya, imashini zikoresha ibyuma, nibindi), ndetse n'ikiguzi cyo gukora.

Kugenzura imiterere ya Zinc Alloy

Imiterere isanzwe y'aluloyi

Igice	Zamak 2	Zamak 3	Zamak 5	ZA8	Superloy	AcuZinc 5
Aluminium	3.8 ~ 4.3	3.8 ~ 4.3	3.8 ~ 4.3	8.2 ~ 8.8	6.6 ~ 7.2	2.8 ~ 3.3
Umuringa	2.7 ~ 3.3	<0.030	0.7 ~ 1.1	0.9 ~ 1.3	3.2 ~ 3.8	5.0 ~ 6.0
Manyeziyumu	0.035 ~ 0.06	0.035 ~ 0.06	0.035 ~ 0.06	0.02 ~ 0.035	<0.005	0.025 ~ 0.05
Icyuma	<0.020	<0.020	<0.020	<0.035	<0.020	<0.075
Umuyobozi	<0.003	<0.003	<0.003	<0.005	<0.003	<0.005
Kadimu	<0.003	<0.003	<0.003	<0.005	<0.003	<0.004
Ibati	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.003
Zinc	ibisigaye	ibisigaye	ibisigaye	ibisigaye	ibisigaye	ibisigaye

Igihe cyo kohereza: 23 Mata 2026

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