He aha te maitai kua whakapūmautia? Kia pēhea te roa o te paninga konutea?

Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tukanga rerekē mō te whakapūmau:

1. Te whakapūmau wera-toia

2. Te whakapūmau hiko

3. Te horapa o te konutea

4. Te rehu whakarewa

 

Pirau wera-toia

I te wā e whakapūmau ana i te maitai, ka rumakina te maitai ki roto i te kaukau konutea rewa. E toru ngā mahi matua o te whakapūmau wera-tuku (HDG): te whakarite mata, te whakapūmau, me te tirotiro.

Te Whakaritenga o te Mata

I roto i te tukanga whakarite mata, ka tukuna te maitai kua oti te hanga kia pania ki te konukōre, ā, e toru ngā wāhanga horoinga: te tango hinu, te horoi waikawa, me te rere. Ki te kore tēnei tukanga horoi, kāore e taea te pania ki te konukōre nā te mea kāore te konutea e tauhohe ki te maitai poke.

Te whakapūmau

Kia oti te whakarite i te mata, ka rumakina te maitai ki roto i te 98% o te konutea rewa i te 830°F. Ko te koki e rumakina ai te maitai ki roto i te kohua me tuku te hau kia puta mai i ngā āhua ngongo, i ētahi atu pute rānei. Mā tēnei ka taea hoki e te konutea te rere mā roto, ki roto hoki i te tinana maitai katoa. Mā tēnei, ka pā te konutea ki te maitai katoa. Ka tīmata te rino i roto i te maitai ki te tauhohe ki te konutea, ka hanga he paninga konutea-rino i waenganui i ngā konganuku. I te taha o waho, ka whakatakotoria he paninga konutea parakore.

Tirotiro

Ko te mahi whakamutunga ko te tirotiro i te paninga. Ka tirohia ā-kanohitia te tinana maitai kia kitea ai ngā wāhi kāore anō kia pania, nā te mea kāore te paninga e piri ki te maitai kāore i horoia. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te ine matotoru aukume hei whakatau i te matotoru o te paninga.

 

2 Te whakapūmau hiko

Ka hangaia te maitai hiko-whakarewa mā te tukanga hiko-matū. I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka rumakina te maitai ki roto i te kaukau konutea, ā, ka tukuna he iahiko mā roto. E mōhiotia ana hoki tēnei tukanga ko te whakakikorua hiko.

I mua i te tukanga whakapūmau hiko, me horoi te maitai. I konei, ka mahi te konutea hei anode hei tiaki i te maitai. Mō te hikohiko, ka whakamahia te konutea whanariki, te konutea cyanide rānei hei electrolyte, ko te cathode ia hei tiaki i te maitai mai i te waikura. Mā tēnei electrolyte ka noho te konutea ki runga i te mata o te maitai hei paninga. Ka roa te wā e rumakina ai te maitai ki roto i te kaukau konutea, ka matotoru ake te paninga.

Hei whakarei ake i te ātete ki te waikura, he tino whai hua ētahi paninga whakawhiti. Ka puta he paparanga anō o ngā hauwai konutea me te chromium i tēnei tukanga, ka puta he āhua kikorangi ki te mata whakarewa.

 

3 Te Whakaurunga Konutea

Ko te whakakikorua konutea ko te hanga i tētahi paninga konutea ki runga i te mata o te rino, o te maitai rānei hei ārai i te waikura o te konganuku.

I tēnei tukanga, ka whakanohoia te maitai ki roto i tētahi ipu kei roto te konutea, kātahi ka hiritia, ka whakamahanatia ki raro iho i te pāmahana rewa o te konutea. Ko te hua o tēnei tauhohenga ko te hanganga o tētahi koranu konutea-rino, me tētahi paparanga o waho totoka o te konutea parakore e piri ana ki te mata o te maitai, ā, e whakarato ana i te ātete nui ki te waikura. Mā tēnei paninga ka pai ake te piri o te peita ki te mata.

Mō ngā mea whakarewa iti, ko te whakakikoruatanga konutea te tikanga tino pai. He tino pai tēnei tukanga mō ngā wāhanga maitai kāore i te āhua ōrite, nā te mea ka taea e te paparanga o waho te whai i te tauira o te maitai turanga.

 

4 Te Rehu Whakarewa

I roto i te tukanga whakakikorua konutea whakarewa, ka rehuhia ngā matūriki konutea rewa kua utaina ki te hiko, kua whakaātomohia rānei ki runga i te mata maitai. Ka mahia tēnei tukanga mā te whakamahi i tētahi pū rehu ringaringa, i tētahi mura motuhake rānei.

I mua i te paninga o te konutea, me tango katoa ngā poke, pērā i ngā paninga mata kāore e hiahiatia, te hinu, me te waikura. Kia oti te horoi, ka rehuhia ngā matūriki konutea rewa kua whakakāhia ki runga i te mata taratara, ka totoka ai.

Ko tēnei tikanga rehu whakarewa te mea tino pai mō te ārai i te tihore me te pakū, engari ehara i te mea pai mō te ātete nui ki te waikura.

 

Kia pēhea te roa o te paninga konutea?

Mō te pakari, ko te tikanga ka whakawhirinaki ki te matotoru o te paninga konutea, me ētahi atu āhuatanga pēnei i te momo taiao, te momo paninga konutea e whakamahia ana, me te kounga o te peita, o te paninga rehu rānei. Ka matotoru ake te paninga konutea, ka roa ake te ora.

Te whakapūmau wera-tō, te whakapūmau makariri rāneiKo te tikanga he roa ake te mau o ngā paninga whakarewa wera-tuku i ngā paninga whakarewa matao nā te mea he matotoru ake, he pakari ake hoki. Ko te whakarewa wera-tuku ko te tuku i te konganuku ki roto i te konutea rewa, engari i roto i te tikanga whakarewa matao, ka rehuhia, ka paraihehia rānei kia kotahi, kia rua rānei ngā paparanga.

Mō te roa o te mau, ka taea e ngā paninga whakarewa wera te roa mō te neke atu i te 50 tau ahakoa ngā āhuatanga o te taiao. He rerekē, ko ngā paninga whakarewa makariri te roa mō ētahi marama ki ētahi tau noa iho, i runga i te matotoru o te paninga.

Hei tāpiritanga, i roto i ngā taiao tino waikura pērā i ngā wāhi ahumahi, ka iti pea te roa o te ora o ngā paninga konutea. Nō reira, he mea nui te whiriwhiri i ngā paninga konutea kounga teitei me te pupuri i aua paninga mō te wā roa hei whakanui ake i te tiaki i te waikura, te kakahu, me te waikura.