Zeziphi ezona zinto ziqhelekileyo zokugquma idiphu?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeengubo ezishushu zokudipha kwiipleyiti zentsimbi kunye nemicu. Imithetho yokuhlela kuyo yonke imigangatho ephambili-kubandakanya imigangatho yesizwe yaseMelika, yaseJapan, yaseYurophu, neyamaTshayina-ziyafana. Siza kuhlalutya kusetyenziswa umgangatho waseYurophu EN 10346: 2015 njengomzekelo.
Iingubo zokwaleka ezishushu ziwela kwiindidi ezintandathu eziphambili:
- I-Hot-dip i-zinc ecocekileyo (Z)
- Ingxubevange ye-zinc-iron eshushu (ZF)
- I-zinc-aluminiyam eshushu-dip (ZA)
- I-aluminiyam-zinc eshushu-dip (AZ)
- I-aluminiyam-silicon ye-aluminiyam eshushu (AS)
- I-Hot-dip zinc-magnesium (ZM)
Iinkcazo kunye neempawu zeengubo ezahlukeneyo zokutshisa
Imicu yentsimbi efakwe ngaphambili ifakwe kwibhafu etyhidiweyo. Iintsimbi ezityhidiweyo ezahlukeneyo kwindawo yokuhlambela zivelisa iingubo ezihlukeneyo (ngaphandle kwe-zinc-iron alloy coatings).
Ukuthelekisa phakathi kwe-Hot-Dip Galvanizing kunye ne-Electrogalvanizing
1. Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yokuGcina
I-Galvanizing ibhekisa kubuchule bonyango obungaphezulu bokusebenzisa i-zinc yokwambathisa kwiintsimbi, ialloys, okanye ezinye izinto ezisetyenziselwa ubuhle kunye neenjongo zokuchasa ukubola. Ezona ndlela zisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-hot-dip galvanizing kunye ne-galvanizing ebandayo (electrogalvanizing).
2. Inkqubo ye-Hot-Dip Galvanizing
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokugalela umphezulu wamaphepha entsimbi namhlanje kukugalela okushushu kwediphu. I-Hot-dip galvanizing (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hot-dip zinc coating okanye i-hot-dip galvanization) yindlela esebenzayo yokhuseleko lokutya kwesinyithi, esetyenziswa ikakhulu kumaziko olwakhiwo lwesinyithi kuwo wonke amashishini awohlukeneyo. Kubandakanya ukuntywiliselwa amacandelo entsimbi asuswe ngumhlwa kwi-zinc etyhidiweyo malunga ne-500 ° C, ukubeka umaleko we-zinc kumphezulu wentsimbi ukufezekisa ukuxhathisa ukubola. Ukuqukuqela kwenkqubo yokugalela idiphu eshushu: Imveliso egqityiweyo yokuhlamba iasidi → Ukuhlanjwa kwamanzi → Ukufakwa kweflux → Ukomisa → Ukuxhoma ukugquma → Ukupholisa → Unyango lwekhemikhali → Ukucoca → Ukuhombisa → Ukugalela idiphu eshushu kugqityiwe.
3. Inkqubo yokuGalela iCold-dip
I-galvanizing ebandayo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-electrogalvanizing, isebenzisa izixhobo ze-electrolytic. Emva kokuhlanjululwa kunye nokuhlamba i-asidi, izixhobo zombhobho zifakwe kwisisombululo esine-zinc salts kwaye zixhunywe kwi-terminal engafanelekanga yezixhobo ze-electrolytic. I-plate ye-zinc ibekwe ngokuchasene nezixhobo kwaye ixhunywe kwi-terminal eqinisekileyo. Xa amandla esetyenziswa, intshukumo ethe ngqo yangoku ukusuka kwi-positive ukuya kwi-negative ibangela ukuba i-zinc ifake kwi-fittings. Izifakelo zemibhobho ebandayo ziqhubekekiswa phambi kokufakwa kwegalati.
Imigangatho yobuchwephesha ihambelana ne-ASTM B695-2000 (US) kunye neenkcukacha zomkhosi C-81562 ze-galvanization yomatshini.
Ukuthelekiswa kwe-Hot-Dip Galvanizing vs. Cold-Dip Galvanizing
I-Hot-dip galvanizing inika ukuxhathisa umhlwa okuphezulu kakhulu kune-galvanizing yediphu ebandayo (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-electrogalvanizing). Iingubo ezenziwe nge-electrogalvanized ngokuqhelekileyo ziqala ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-15 μm ubukhulu, ngelixa iingubo ezishushu ze-galvanized dip ngokubanzi zidlula i-35 μm kwaye zinokufikelela kwi-200 μm. I-Hot-dip galvanizing ibonelela ngokhuselo oluphezulu kunye netyabeka eshinyeneyo ngaphandle kokubandakanywa kwezinto eziphilayo. I-Electrogalvanizing isebenzisa iingubo ezizaliswe zinc ukukhusela isinyithi ekudlekeni. Ezi zigqubuthelo zisetyenziswe kwindawo ekhuselweyo kusetyenziswa nayiphi na indlela yokugqoka, ukwenza i-zinc-filled layer emva kokumisa. Ingubo eyomileyo iqulethe umxholo ophezulu we-zinc (ukuya kwi-95%). Intsimbi ifakwa kwi-zinc plating kumphezulu wayo phantsi kweemeko ezipholileyo, ngelixa ukugalela idiphu eshushu kubandakanya ukugquma imibhobho yentsimbi nge-zinc ngokuntywiliselwa kwidiphu eshushu. Le nkqubo ivelisa ukunamathela okuqinileyo, okwenza ukuba i-coating imelane kakhulu nokuxobuka.
Indlela yokwahlula igalvanizing eshushu-dip kwi-galvanizing ebandayo?
1. Ukuchongwa okubonakalayo
Umphezulu oshushu wediphu ubonakala urhabaxa xa uwonke, ubonisa ii-watermark ezibangelwa yinkqubo, idriphu, kunye namaqhuqhuva-ibonakala ngakumbi kwelinye icala lesixhobo sokusebenza. Imbonakalo iyonke isilivere-mhlophe.
Umphezulu owenziwe nge-electrogalvanized (banda-galvanized) ugudileyo, ubukhulu becala umthubi-luhlaza ngombala, nangona i-iridescent, bluish-white, okanye imhlophe kunye ne-sheen eluhlaza nayo inokuvela. Le miphezulu ayibonisi zinc nodules okanye clumping.
2. Ukwahlula ngeNkqubo
I-Hot-dip galvanizing ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi: ukuthoba, ukucholwa kweasidi, ukuntywiliselwa kweekhemikhali, ukomiswa, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuntywiliselwa kwi-zinc etyhidiweyo kangangexesha elithile ngaphambi kokususwa. Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa izinto ezifana nemibhobho efakwe igalvanized dip eshushu.
Ukupholisa okubandayo, nangona kunjalo, kukwenza i-electrogalvanizing. Isebenzisa izixhobo ze-electrolytic apho i-workpiece idlula i-degreasing kunye ne-pickling ngaphambi kokuntywiliselwa kwisisombululo setyuwa ye-zinc. Idityaniswe kwisixhobo se-electrolytic, i-workpiece ibeka i-zinc layer ngokusebenzisa intshukumo echanekileyo yangoku phakathi kwe-electrode efanelekileyo kunye nembi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-01-2025
