Mene ne manyan abubuwan rufe fuska masu zafi?
Akwai nau'ikan rufin zafi da yawa don faranti da zare na ƙarfe. Dokokin rarrabuwa a cikin manyan ƙa'idodi - gami da ƙa'idodin ƙasashen Amurka, Japan, Turai, da China - iri ɗaya ne. Za mu yi nazari ta amfani da ma'aunin Turai EN 10346:2015 a matsayin misali.
Rufin da aka yi da zafi ya faɗi cikin manyan rukunoni shida:
- Sinadarin zinc mai zafi (Z)
- Haɗin zinc-iron mai zafi (ZF)
- Sinadarin zinc-aluminum mai zafi (ZA)
- Aluminum-zinc mai zafi (AZ)
- Aluminum-silicon mai zafi (AS)
- Sinadarin zinc-magnesium mai zafi (ZM)
Ma'anoni da halaye na nau'ikan rufin zafi daban-daban
Ana nutsar da sandunan ƙarfe da aka riga aka yi wa magani a cikin baho mai narkewa. Karfe daban-daban da aka narke a cikin baho suna samar da fenti daban-daban (banda fenti na ƙarfe da zinc).
Kwatanta Tsakanin Galvanizing Mai Zafi da kuma Electrogalvanizing
1. Bayanin Tsarin Galvanizing
Galvanization yana nufin dabarar maganin saman jiki ta shafa fenti na zinc a kan karafa, ƙarfe, ko wasu kayan don dalilai na ado da hana lalata. Hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su sune galvanizing mai zafi da galvanizing mai sanyi (electrogalvanizing).
2. Tsarin Galvanization Mai Zafi
Babbar hanyar da ake bi wajen yin galvanizing saman takardar ƙarfe a yau ita ce yin galvanizing mai zafi. Yin galvanizing mai zafi (wanda kuma aka sani da shafa zinc mai zafi ko kuma yin galvanization mai zafi) hanya ce mai inganci ta kariyar lalata ƙarfe, wacce ake amfani da ita musamman a wuraren gini na ƙarfe a faɗin masana'antu daban-daban. Ya ƙunshi nutsar da sassan ƙarfe da aka cire tsatsa a cikin zinc mai narkewa a kusan 500°C, ajiye layin zinc a saman ƙarfe don samun juriya ga tsatsa. Tsarin aikin galvanizing mai zafi: An gama wanke acid ɗin samfurin → Kurkura ruwa → Aiwatar da kwararar ruwa → Busarwa → Rataye don rufewa → Sanyaya → Maganin sinadarai → Tsaftacewa → Gogewa → Gilashin galvanizing mai zafi cikakke.
3. Tsarin Galvanization na Sanyi
Yin amfani da galvanizing mai sanyi, wanda aka fi sani da electrogalvanizing, yana amfani da kayan aikin electrolytic. Bayan cire mai da kuma wanke acid, ana sanya kayan aikin bututu a cikin wani ruwa mai dauke da gishirin zinc kuma a haɗa shi da tashar mara kyau ta kayan aikin electrolytic. Ana sanya farantin zinc a gaban kayan aikin kuma a haɗa shi da tashar mai kyau. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki, motsi na wutar lantarki daga mai kyau zuwa mara kyau yana sa zinc ya shiga cikin kayan aikin. Ana sarrafa kayan aikin bututu masu galvanized mai sanyi kafin a yi amfani da galvanization.
Ka'idojin fasaha sun yi daidai da ASTM B695-2000 (Amurka) da ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin soja C-81562 don galvanization na injiniya.
Kwatanta Galvanizing Mai Zafi da Cold-Dip Galvanizing
Gilashin da aka yi da zafi yana ba da juriya ga tsatsa fiye da galvanizing mai sanyi (wanda kuma aka sani da electrogalvanizing). Gilashin da aka yi da electrogalvanized yawanci yana tsakanin kauri 5 zuwa 15 μm, yayin da gilashin da aka yi da zafi gabaɗaya ya wuce μm 35 kuma yana iya kaiwa har zuwa μm 200. Gilashin da aka yi da zafi yana ba da kariya mafi kyau tare da murfin da ke da yawa wanda ba shi da abubuwan da ke cikin halitta. Gilashin da aka yi da electrogalvanizing yana amfani da gilashin da aka cika da zinc don kare ƙarfe daga tsatsa. Ana shafa waɗannan gilashin a saman da aka kare ta amfani da kowace hanyar rufewa, suna samar da Layer mai cike da zinc bayan bushewa. Gilashin da aka busar yana ɗauke da babban sinadarin zinc (har zuwa 95%). Karfe yana yin plating na zinc a samansa a ƙarƙashin yanayin sanyi, yayin da gilashin da aka yi da zafi ya haɗa da shafa bututun ƙarfe da zinc ta hanyar nutsewa mai zafi. Wannan tsari yana haifar da mannewa mai ƙarfi, wanda ke sa murfin ya yi tsayayya da barewa sosai.
Yadda za a bambanta galvanizing mai zafi daga galvanizing mai sanyi?
1. Gano Gani
Fuskokin da aka yi da roba mai zafi suna bayyana kaɗan kaɗan a gaba ɗaya, suna nuna alamun ruwa, digo-digo, da ƙuraje waɗanda aikin ya haifar - musamman a ƙarshen aikin. Gabaɗaya kamannin yana da launin azurfa-fari.
Fuskokin da aka yi da lantarki (mai kauri da galvanized) suna da santsi, galibi launin rawaya-kore ne, kodayake suna iya bayyana launin shuɗi-fari, ko fari mai launin kore. Waɗannan saman gabaɗaya ba su da ƙusoshin zinc ko taruwa.
2. Rarrabawa ta hanyar tsari
Yin amfani da galvanization mai zafi ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa: rage mai, cire acid, nutsar da sinadarai, busarwa, sannan a ƙarshe a nutsar da shi a cikin zinc na narke na tsawon lokaci kafin a cire shi. Ana amfani da wannan tsari ga abubuwa kamar bututun galvanized mai zafi.
Amma, yin amfani da galvanization mai sanyi a zahiri yana nufin yin amfani da lantarki. Yana amfani da kayan aikin lantarki inda aikin ke shafa mai da kuma yin ɗanɗano kafin a nutsar da shi a cikin ruwan gishirin zinc. Idan aka haɗa shi da na'urar lantarki, aikin yana sanya layin zinc ta hanyar motsi tsakanin na'urorin lantarki masu kyau da marasa kyau.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-01-2025
