Nakuba i-GB/T 470-2008 kanye ne-GB/T 13818-2024 zombili zibonakala zihlobene ne-zinc, izimo zazo zangempela zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinhlobo zomkhiqizo zihluke ngokuphelele. Umehluko oyinhloko ulele kakhulu ebubanzini bokusetshenziswa, imikhiqizo ngokwayo, kanye nezidingo ezithile zobuchwepheshe. Zingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezilandelayo:
1. Ububanzi Bokusetshenziswa Nokugxila Okuyinhloko
Isihloko esiphelele se-I-GB/T 470-2008 is "Izingodo zeZinc."Njengoba igama lisho, le ndinganiso ikhuluma ngqo ngemikhiqizo ye-zinc ingot. Isebenza kuma-zinc ingot akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-zinc concentrate noma izinto eziqukethe i-zinc njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza ihilela ukuhluzwa, ukulungiswa, noma i-electrolysis. La ma-zinc ingot asebenza ngokuyinhloko njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zezimboni ezifana ne-galvanizing, ukukhiqizwa kwe-alloy, amakhemikhali, kanye nobunjiniyela kagesi, esebenza njengezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo ze-zinc ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, isihloko esiphelele se-I-GB/T 13818-2024 is "Ama-Die-Cast Zinc Alloys,"egxile kakhulu kuma-alloy e-zinc aklanyelwe ukuthungwa nge-die-casting. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizweni nasekuhlolweni kwama-alloy e-zinc athungwa nge-die-cast. Ngokungafani nama-ingot e-zinc, le mikhiqizo isetshenziswa ngqo ezinqubweni zokuthungwa nge-die-cast zezingxenye zezimoto, amadivayisi kagesi, neminye imikhiqizo, ivumelana nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza ukuthungwa nge-die-casting ngaphandle kokudinga ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe kwezinto zokusetshenziswa.
2. Izinhlobo Zomkhiqizo Nezidingo Zokwakheka
GB/T 470-2008 — Imikhiqizo yeZinc Ehlanzekile
Icacisa imikhiqizo ye-zinc emsulwa ehlukaniswe ngama-grade amahlanu ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali:I-Zn99.995, i-Zn99.99, i-Zn99.95, i-Zn99.5, kanye ne-Zn98.5.Indinganiso icacisa okuqukethwe yi-zinc kanye nemikhawulo ephezulu evumelekile yokungcola okufana ne-lead, i-cadmium, kanye ne-iron. Kwizinga le-Zn99.995, okuqukethwe yi-zinc akumele kube ngaphansi kuka-99.995%, kanti ukungcola okuphelele akumele kudlule u-0.005%. Leli zinga liphinde lisuse izidingo ze-arsenic kanye ne-antimony futhi lilungisa imikhawulo yokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium yamabanga athile.
GB/T 13818-2024 — Ama-Die-Cast Zinc Alloys
Icacisa ama-alloy e-zinc aqukethe izinto zokuhlanganisa njenge-aluminium nethusi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokubumba. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yangaphambilini, yethula amazinga amabili amasha —I-YZZnAl4CfuthiI-YZZnAl3Cu5— okwenza inani eliphelele lamamaki libe yisishiyagalolunye. Indinganiso ilawula izakhi ezisebenzayo zokuxuba (i-aluminium, ithusi, i-magnesium) futhi ikhawulela ngokuqinile ukungcola okufana nomthofu, i-cadmium, nensimbi. Iphinde yengeze izidingo ezicacile zekhwalithi yobuso, ivimbele amaphutha afana nama-bubbles, amabala kawoyela, kanye nokufakwa, kuyilapho ama-pores amancane okuqina kanye namamaki okuqeda kuvunyelwe.
3. Ububanzi Obujwayelekile kanye Nemininingwane Yobuchwepheshe
I-GB/T 470-2008yabuyekezwa ukuze yamukele i-ISO 752:2004, ikakhulukazi ibeka izidingo ezijwayelekile zama-zinc ingots, izindlela zokuhlola, imithetho yokuhlola, kanye nokumaka, ukupakisha, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokugcina. Izindlela zokuhlola zisekelwe kakhulu ochungechungeni lwezindinganiso ze-GB/T 12689; izindlela zokuthatha amasampula azamukeli amazinga afanele e-ISO omhlaba wonke; ukumakwa kombala kulandela amazinga okuqala asekhaya; futhi isisindo seyunithi yama-zinc ingots sichazwe phakathi18 kg kanye no-30 kg.
I-GB/T 13818-2024ithatha indawo yenguqulo yangaphambilini, i-GB/T 13818-2009, futhi yabhalwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye-GB/T 1.1—2020. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yangaphambilini, ingeza isahluko semithetho yokuhlola, ibuyekeza izindlela zokuhlola zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, futhi ibuyekeza izidingo zokumaka, ukupakisha, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokugcina. Izindlela zokuhlola zihambisana kangcono nezidingo zokukhiqiza zesimanje, okuhlanganisaizindlela ze-spectroscopicfuthii-inductively combined plasma-emission spectroscopy (ICP-ES).Ngaphezu kwalokho, indinganiso inikeza ithebula lokuqhathanisa phakathi kwamazinga ajwayelekile kazwelonke aseShayina kanye namazinga angaphandle ukuze kube lula ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo kwamanye amazwe.
4. Izimo Zokusebenza
Izingodo ze-zinc ezimbozwe yiI-GB/T 470-2008zisebenza njengezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyisisekelo ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo - njengokugaya, ukukhiqizwa kwe-zinc alloy, kanye nokudla kwamakhemikhali - futhi zisebenza njengomthwali oyisisekelo wokusetshenziswa kwe-zinc embonini.
Ama-alloy e-zinc aqoshiwe ambozwe yi-I-GB/T 13818-2024ziyizinto zokubumba ezisetshenziswa ngqo ekukhiqizeni i-die-cast. Ziyahambisana nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene, njenge-hot-chamber kanye ne-cold-chamber die-cast, futhi zingahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zezingxenye eziqondile neziyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zinsimbi zisetshenziswa kabanzi kuizimboni zezimoto, ze-elekthronikhi, nezehadiwe.
Isifinyezo
Kalula nje, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili ukuthiI-GB/T 470-2008ohulumeni"izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-zinc ezimsulwa (izingcezu ze-zinc),"ngenkathiI-GB/T 13818-2024ohulumeni"i-alloy ye-zinc eqondene ngqo nokuphonswa kwe-die."Amafomu omkhiqizo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zihluka kakhulu, okwenza zifanelekele izimo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-13-2026
