Ngakhale kuti GB/T 470-2008 ndi GB/T 13818-2024 zonse zimawoneka kuti zikugwirizana ndi zinc, zochitika zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito ndi mitundu ya zinthu ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli makamaka mu gawo la ntchito, zinthuzo zokha, ndi zofunikira zina zaukadaulo. Zitha kusiyanitsidwa m'njira zotsatirazi:
1. Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito & Kuyang'ana Kwambiri
Mutu wonse waGB/T 470-2008 is "Zinki Ingots."Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, muyezo uwu umakhudza makamaka zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinc ingot. Umagwira ntchito ku zinc ingot zopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinc concentrate kapena zinthu zokhala ndi zinc ngati zopangira, mosasamala kanthu kuti njira yopangira ikuphatikizapo kusungunuka, kukonzedwanso, kapena electrolysis. Zinc ingot izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zopangira mafakitale monga galvanizing, kupanga alloy, mankhwala, ndi uinjiniya wamagetsi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati zopangira zoyambira za zinc popanga mafakitale.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mutu wonse waGB/T 13818-2024 is "Ma Die-Cast Zinc Alloys,"yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri pa zitsulo za zinki zomwe zimapangidwira kupangira zinthu zofewa. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga ndi kuyang'anira zitsulo za zinki zofewa. Mosiyana ndi zitsulo za zinki, zinthuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji mu njira zopangira zinthu zofewa zamagalimoto, zida zamagetsi, ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zopangira zinthu zofewa popanda kufunikira kukonza zinthu zina zopangira.
2. Mitundu ya Zogulitsa ndi Zofunikira pa Kupanga
GB/T 470-2008 — Zogulitsa Zinc Zoyera
Amatchula zinthu zoyera za zinc zomwe zimagawidwa m'magulu asanu kutengera kapangidwe ka mankhwala:Zn99.995, Zn99.99, Zn99.95, Zn99.5, ndi Zn98.5.Muyezowu umafotokozera kuchuluka kwa zinc ndi malire ololedwa a zinyalala monga lead, cadmium, ndi iron. Pa mtundu wa Zn99.995, kuchuluka kwa zinc sikuyenera kuchepera 99.995%, ndipo zinyalala zonse siziyenera kupitirira 0.005%. Muyezowu umachotsanso zofunikira za arsenic ndi antimony ndikusintha malire a aluminiyamu pamitundu ina.
GB/T 13818-2024 — Die-Cast Zinc Alloys
Imatchula zinc alloys zomwe zili ndi zinthu zosakaniza monga aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito a casting. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu wakale, imabweretsa mitundu iwiri yatsopano —YZZnAl4CndiYZZnAl3Cu5— kufikitsa chiwerengero chonse cha magiredi kufika pa asanu ndi anayi. Muyezowu umawongolera zinthu zogwira ntchito zophatikiza (aluminium, copper, magnesium) ndipo umaletsa mosamalitsa zodetsa monga lead, cadmium, ndi iron. Umawonjezeranso zofunikira zenizeni za pamwamba, kuletsa zolakwika monga thovu, madontho a mafuta, ndi zinthu zina, pomwe ma pores ang'onoang'ono olimba ndi zizindikiro zomaliza zimaloledwa.
3. Chiwerengero Chokhazikika & Tsatanetsatane wa Ukadaulo
GB/T 470-2008idasinthidwa kuti ivomereze ISO 752:2004, makamaka kuyika zofunikira pa zinc ingots, njira zoyesera, malamulo owunikira, komanso kulemba, kulongedza, kunyamula, ndi kusungira. Njira zoyesera zimadalira kwambiri miyezo ya GB/T 12689; njira zoyesera sizitsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ya ISO; kulemba mitundu kumatsatira miyezo yoyambirira yapakhomo; ndipo kulemera kwa yunifolomu ya zinc ingots kumafotokozedwa pakati pa18 kg ndi 30 kg.
GB/T 13818-2024imalowa m'malo mwa mtundu wakale, GB/T 13818-2009, ndipo idalembedwa motsatira malamulo a GB/T 1.1—2020. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu wakale, imawonjezera mutu wokhudza malamulo owunikira, imasintha njira zoyesera za kapangidwe ka mankhwala, ndikusintha zofunikira pakulemba, kulongedza, kunyamula, ndi kusungira. Njira zoyesera zimagwirizana bwino ndi zosowa zamakono zopangira, kuphatikizanjira zowonerandiplasma-emission spectroscopy (ICP-ES) yolumikizidwa mwachisawawa.Kuphatikiza apo, muyezowu umapereka tebulo loyerekeza pakati pa magiredi a muyezo wa dziko la China ndi miyezo yakunja kuti zinthu zitheke kutumizidwa kunja.
4. Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito
Zinc ingots zophimbidwa ndiGB/T 470-2008amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zipangizo zoyambira popanga mafakitale, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza zinthu zina — monga galvanizing, kupanga zinc alloy, komanso ngati mankhwala — ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati chonyamulira chachikulu cha zinc m'makampani.
Zinc alloys zopangidwa ndi die-cast zomwe zaphimbidwa ndiGB/T 13818-2024ndi zipangizo zoumba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanga ma die-casting. Zimagwirizana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana, monga hot-chamber ndi cold-chamber die-casting, ndipo zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira popanga zinthu zolondola kwambiri komanso zooneka ngati zovuta. Ma alloys awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumafakitale a magalimoto, zamagetsi, ndi zida zamagetsi.
Chidule
Mwachidule, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi ndikutiGB/T 470-2008olamulira"zida zopangira zinc (zinc ingots),"pameneGB/T 13818-2024olamulira"zinki zosakaniza makamaka zopangidwira kuponyera."Mafomu a malonda, ntchito, ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo zimasiyana kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-13-2026
