Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa pakuisa machira ekupisa (hot-dip coatings)?
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemachira ekupisa anoiswa pamaplate esimbi nemachira. Mitemo yekupatsanura pamatanho makuru - kusanganisira mwero wenyika yeAmerica, Japan, Europe, neChina - yakafanana. Tichaongorora tichishandisa mwero weEuropean EN 10346:2015 semuenzaniso.
Machira ekudzivirira anoiswa muzvikamu zvitanhatu zvikuru:
- Zinc yakachena inonyudzwa nekupisa (Z)
- Chidimbu chesimbi chinopisa (ZF)
- Zinc-aluminium inodziya (ZA)
- Aruminiyamu-zinki inopisa (AZ)
- Aruminiyamu-silicon inopisa (AS)
- Hot-dip zinc-magnesium (ZM)
Tsanangudzo uye hunhu hwemachira akasiyana-siyana ekupisa-kunyudza
Zvidimbu zvesimbi zvakagadziriswa kare zvinonyudzwa mubhavhu rakanyungudutswa. Simbi dzakasiyana dzakanyungudutswa mubhavhu dzinoburitsa machira akasiyana (kunze kwezvipfeko zvezinc-iron alloy).
Kuenzanisa Pakati Pekupisa-Kupisa Kunodzika uye Kupisa Kwemagetsi
1. Ongororo yeMaitiro eKugadzira Galvanizing
Kuisa galvanizing zvinoreva nzira yekurapa pamusoro pechinhu ichi uchishandisa zinc coating pasimbi, alloys, kana zvimwe zvinhu kuti zvionekwe zvakanaka uye zvisaparare. Nzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa ndedzekupisa nekudzika nekupisa uye kutonhora nemagetsi (electrogalvanizing).
2. Maitiro ekupisa nekunyudza
Nzira huru yekuisa simbi pamusoro pesimbi mu galvanizing nhasi ndeyekuisa simbi mu galvanizing. Kuisa simbi mu galvanizing (inozivikanwawo se hot-dip zinc coating kana kuti hot-dip galvanization) inzira inoshanda yekudzivirira ngura yesimbi, inonyanya kushandiswa pazvivakwa zvesimbi mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Inosanganisira kunyudza zvikamu zvesimbi zvakabviswa ngura mu zinc yakanyungudutswa pa500°C, kuisa zinc layer pamusoro pesimbi kuti isapararire ngura. Kuyerera kwe galvanizing mu galvanizing inodziya: Kugeza ne acid yakagadzirwa → Kusuka nemvura → Kushandisa flux → Kuomesa → Kurembera kuti ifukidzwe → Kutonhodza → Kurapa nemakemikari → Kuchenesa → Kupukuta → Kuisa galvanizing mu galvanizing inodziya kwapera.
3. Maitiro ekuisa galvanizing muCold-dip
Kugadzira magasi emvura anotonhora, anozivikanwawo se electrogalvanizing, kunoshandisa michina yemagetsi. Mushure mekudzima mafuta nekusuka acid, mapipe fittings anoiswa mumushonga une zinc salts uye anobatanidzwa kune negative terminal ye electrolytic equipment. Zinc plate inoiswa pakatarisana ne fittings uye yakabatana kune positive terminal. Kana simba rashandiswa, kufamba kwakananga kwemagetsi kubva kune positive kuenda kune negative kunoita kuti zinc iwire pa fittings. Cold-galvanized pipe fittings inogadziriswa isati yagadzirwa.
Mitemo yehunyanzvi inoenderana neASTM B695-2000 (US) uye zvinodiwa nemauto C-81562 zvekugadzirisa magasi.
Kuenzanisa kweHot-Dip Galvanizing vs. Cold-Dip Galvanizing
Kupisa-kunyudza kunodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya kupfuura kunyudza kunotonhora (kunozivikanwawo se electrogalvanizing). Kuputira kwakanyudza kunowanzova pakati pe5 kusvika 15 μm muukobvu, nepo kuputira kwakanyudza kunopisa kunowanzo pfuura 35 μm uye kunogona kusvika 200 μm. Kupisa-kunyudza kunodzivirira simbi zvakanyanya nekuvhara kwakakora kusina zvinhu zvakasikwa. Kupisa kunoshandisa kuputira kwakazadzwa ne zinc kudzivirira simbi kubva mukuora. Kuputira uku kunoiswa pamusoro wakachengetedzwa uchishandisa chero nzira yekuputira, zvichiita kuti pave ne zinc-filled layer mushure mekuoma. Kuputira kwakaomeswa kune zinc yakawanda (kusvika 95%). Simbi inoputirwa ne zinc pamusoro payo mumamiriro ekunze anotonhorera, nepo kuputira kwakanyudza kunosanganisira kuputira mapaipi esimbi ne zinc kuburikidza nekunyudza mu hot-dip. Maitiro aya anoburitsa kunamira kwakasimba, zvichiita kuti kuputira kuve kwakasimba zvikuru.
Nzira yekusiyanisa sei galvanizing inodziya kubva ku galvanizing inotonhora?
1. Kuzivikanwa Kwechiso
Nzvimbo dzakabatidzwa nemagetsi dzinoita sedzakamanikana zvishoma, dzichiratidza mavara emvura, madonhwe, uye mapundu anokonzerwa nemaitiro—zvinonyanya kuonekwa kune rimwe divi rebasa. Chitarisiko chose chakachena sesirivha.
Nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa nemagetsi (dzakatonhora) dzakatsetseka, dzine ruvara rweyero-girini, kunyange zvazvo dzichipenya, chena-bhuruu, kana chena dzine kupenya kwegirini dzingaonekwawo. Nzvimbo idzi hadziwanzo ratidza maburi ezinc kana kuti maburi akaungana.
2. Kusiyanisa nemaitiro
Kuisa galvanizing mudhibhi rinopisa kunosanganisira matanho akawanda: kubvisa mafuta, kunhonga acid, kunyudza nemakemikari, kuomesa, uye pakupedzisira kunyudza mu zinc yakanyungudutswa kwenguva yakatarwa usati wabvisa. Maitiro aya anoshandiswa pazvinhu zvakaita semapombi egalvaning anodziya.
Zvisinei, kupinza simbi mumhepo nechando zvinoreva kupinza simbi mumhepo nemagetsi. Inoshandisa michina yemagetsi apo simbi inobviswa mafuta nekuisa mafuta mumunyu usati wanyikwa mumunyu wezinc. Yakabatana nesimbi yemagetsi, simbi iyi inoisa zinc layer kuburikidza nekufamba kwakanangana kwemagetsi pakati pemaelectrode akanaka neasina kunaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-01-2025
