Ni ibihe bicuruzwa bisanzwe bitwikirwa n'amazi ashyushye?
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'amabara ashyushye yo gutwikira ibyuma n'imirongo. Amategeko agenga ishyirwa mu byiciro ku bipimo ngenderwaho by'ingenzi—harimo n'amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu cy'Abanyamerika, Abayapani, Abanyaburayi, n'Abashinwa—arasa. Tuzasesengura dukoresheje urugero rw'amahame ngenderwaho y'i Burayi EN 10346:2015.
Imyambaro ikoreshwa mu gusiga ishyushye igabanywa mu byiciro bitandatu by'ingenzi:
- Zinc ishyushye cyane (Z)
- Ingano ya zinc-icyuma ishyushye (ZF)
- Icupa rya zinc-aluminium rishyushye (ZA)
- Aluminiyumu-zinki ishyushye (AZ)
- Aluminiyumu-silicone ishyushye (AS)
- Zinc-Magnesium (ZM) ishyushye cyane
Ibisobanuro n'imiterere y'imyambaro itandukanye ishyushye
Uduce tw'icyuma twatunganyijwe mbere twinjizwa mu bwogero bushongeshejwe. Ibyuma bitandukanye byashongeshejwe mu bwogero bitanga utwenda dutandukanye (usibye utwenda twa zinc-food alloy).
Kugereranya hagati ya Hot-Dip Galvanizing na Electrogalvanizing
1. Incamake y'Inzira yo Gutunganya Ingufu
Gutunganya ibyuma bivangwa n'amashanyarazi bivuga uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso bw'icyuma gitwikiriye ibyuma, aloyi, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho mu rwego rwo kubyibuha no kurwanya ingese. Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane ni ugutunganya ibyuma bishyushye n'udupira dukonje (electrogalvanizing).
2. Uburyo bwo gushyushya mu mazi ashyushye
Uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gushyira galvani ku mpande z'icyuma muri iki gihe ni galvanizing ishyushye. Gushyira galvanizing ishyushye (izwi kandi nka hot-dip zinc coating cyangwa hot-dip galvanizing) ni uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda icyuma ingese, bukoreshwa cyane cyane ku nyubako z'icyuma mu nganda zitandukanye. Bikubiyemo gushyira ibice by'icyuma byakuweho ingese muri zinc ishongeshejwe ku bushyuhe bugera kuri 500°C, bigashyira urwego rwa zinc ku buso bw'icyuma kugira ngo birwane n'ingese. Uburyo bwo gushyira galvanizing ishyushye: Gukaraba ibintu byarangiye → Gusukura amazi → Gukoresha flux → Kumisha → Kumanika kugirango utwike → Gukonjesha → Gusukura imiti → Gusukura → Gusukura → Gutunganya → Gutunganya → Gutunganya → Gushyushya → Gutunganya galvanizing ishyushye byarangiye.
3. Uburyo bwo gukaraba ibyuma bikonjesha
Gukoresha amashanyarazi ashyushye, bizwi kandi nka electrogalvanizing, bikoresha ibikoresho bya electrolytic. Nyuma yo gukuraho amavuta no gukaraba aside, ibikoresho by'imiyoboro bishyirwa mu gikoresho kirimo umunyu wa zinc hanyuma bigahuzwa n'aho ibikoresho bya electrolytic biherereye. Isahani ya zinc ishyirwa imbere y'ibikoresho kandi igahuzwa n'aho ibikoresho bya positive bigeze. Iyo ingufu zikoreshejwe, umuvuduko w'amazi uva kuri positive ujya kuri positive utuma zinc yishyira ku bikoresho. Ibikoresho by'imiyoboro bya galvanizing bikonje biratunganywa mbere yo gukoresha galvanizing.
Amabwiriza ya tekiniki yubahiriza amabwiriza ya ASTM B695-2000 (Amerika) n'amabwiriza ya gisirikare ya C-81562 yo gushyiramo ibyuma bikoresha amashanyarazi.
Kugereranya hagati ya Hot-Dip Galvanizing na Cold-Dip Galvanizing
Gushyiramo amashanyarazi mu buryo bushyushye bitanga ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese kurusha gukwirakwiza mu buryo bukonje (bizwi kandi nka electrogalvanizing). Ubunini bw'ibyuma bishyirwamo amashanyarazi buri hagati ya μm 5 na 15, mu gihe ibyuma bishyirwamo amashanyarazi mu buryo bushyushye muri rusange birenga μm 35 kandi bishobora kugera kuri μm 200. Gushyiramo amashanyarazi mu buryo bushyushye bitanga uburyo bwiza bwo gutwikira neza hamwe n'igitambaro kinini kidafite ibintu bikomoka ku bimera. Gushyiramo amashanyarazi mu buryo bushyushye bikoresha igitambaro cyuzuyemo zinc kugira ngo birinde ingese. Ibi bitambaro bishyirwa ku buso burinzwe hakoreshejwe uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gutwikira, bigakora urwego rwuzuyemo zinc nyuma yo kuma. Igitambaro cyumye kirimo zinc nyinshi (kugeza kuri 95%). Icyuma gishyirwamo zinc ku buso bwacyo mu gihe gikonje, mu gihe gukwirakwiza zinc mu buryo bushyushye bikubiyemo gusiga imiyoboro y'icyuma zinc binyuze mu gutwikirwa mu buryo bushyushye. Ubu buryo butanga uburyo bukomeye bwo gufatana, bigatuma igitambaro kidakurwaho cyane.
Ni gute watandukanya galvanizing ishyushye n'iy'ubukonje?
1. Kugaragaza uko umuntu agaragara
Ubuso bushyushye bukozwe mu matara busa n'ubugoye gato muri rusange, bugaragaza ibimenyetso by'amazi, ibitonyanga, n'utudomo bikomoka ku miterere y'ibikoresho—cyane cyane bigaragara ku mpera imwe y'igikoresho. Muri rusange ishusho yacyo ni umweru usa n'ifeza.
Ubuso bukozwe mu ikoranabuhanga (bukozwe mu ikoranabuhanga) buraryoshye cyane, cyane cyane umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi, nubwo bushobora kugaragara nk'ubururu, umweru n'ubururu, cyangwa umweru ufite ibara ry'icyatsi kibisi. Ubu buso muri rusange nta tunyangingo twa zinc cyangwa uduce duto tw'amabara.
2. Gutandukanya hakurikijwe inzira
Gushyiramo umwuka ushyushye bikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi: gukuramo amavuta, gusiga aside, kwinjiza mu binyabutabire, kumisha, hanyuma bigashyirwa mu zinki ishongeshejwe mu gihe runaka mbere yo kuyikuraho. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa ku bintu nk'imiyoboro ishyushye ya galvanize.
Gusa, gukoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo bukonje ni ugukoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki. Bikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki aho igikoresho gikoreshwa gikurwamo amavuta no gukaraba mbere yo kwinjizwa mu munyu wa zinc. Bihujwe n'igikoresho cya elegitoroniki, igikoresho gishyira urwego rwa zinc binyuze mu ngendo z'amashanyarazi hagati ya electrodes nziza na negative.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-01-2025
