Kodi zophimba zodziwika bwino za hot-dip ndi ziti?
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zophimba zotentha za mbale zachitsulo ndi zingwe. Malamulo ogawa pa miyezo yayikulu—kuphatikizapo miyezo ya dziko la America, Japan, Europe, ndi China—ndi ofanana. Tidzasanthula pogwiritsa ntchito muyezo wa ku Europe wa EN 10346:2015 monga chitsanzo.
Zophimba zotentha kwambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu asanu ndi limodzi akuluakulu:
- Zinc yoyera yothira m'madzi otentha (Z)
- Hot-dip zinc-iron alloy (ZF)
- Hot-dip zinc-aluminium (ZA)
- Aluminiyamu-zinki (AZ) yotentha kwambiri
- Aluminiyamu-silicon yotenthedwa (AS)
- Hot-dip zinc-magnesium (ZM)
Matanthauzidwe ndi makhalidwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zokutira zotentha
Zitsulo zotsukidwa kale zimaviikidwa mu bafa losungunuka. Zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zosungunuka mu bafa zimapanga zokutira zosiyana (kupatula zokutira za zinc-iron alloy).
Kuyerekeza Pakati pa Kusakaniza ndi Kusakaniza ndi Ma Electrogalvanizing
1. Chidule cha Njira Yopangira Magalasi
Kupaka galvanizing kumatanthauza njira yochizira pamwamba popaka utoto wa zinc ku zitsulo, zitsulo zosungunulira, kapena zinthu zina kuti ziwoneke zokongola komanso zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi kuyika galvanizing m'madzi otentha ndi kuyika galvanizing m'madzi ozizira (electrogalvanizing).
2. Njira Yotenthetsera Magalasi
Njira yoyamba yopangira galvanizing pamwamba pa chitsulo masiku ano ndi galvanizing yothira madzi otentha. Galvanizing yothira madzi otentha (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hot-dip zinc coating kapena hot-dip galvanization) ndi njira yothandiza yotetezera dzimbiri lachitsulo, makamaka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zomangamanga zachitsulo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Imafuna kumiza zitsulo zomwe zachotsedwa ndi dzimbiri mu zinc yosungunuka pa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 500°C, ndikuyika zinc pamwamba pa chitsulo kuti zithetse dzimbiri. Kuyenda kwa njira yothira madzi otentha: Kutsuka kwa asidi komwe kwatha → Kutsuka madzi → Kugwiritsa ntchito flux → Kuumitsa → Kupachika kuti uphimbe → Kuziziritsa → Kuchiza mankhwala → Kuyeretsa → Kupukuta → Kuthira madzi otentha kwatha.
3. Njira Yothira Magalasi Ozizira
Kukonza magetsi kozizira, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti electrogalvanizing, kumagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi. Pambuyo pochotsa mafuta ndi kutsuka ndi asidi, zolumikizira mapaipi zimayikidwa mu yankho lokhala ndi mchere wa zinc ndikulumikizidwa ku negative terminal ya zida zamagetsi. Zinc plate imayikidwa moyang'anizana ndi zolumikizira ndikulumikizidwa ku positive terminal. Mphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, kayendedwe ka mphamvu kuchokera ku positive kupita ku negative kumapangitsa kuti zinc ilowe pa zolumikizira. Zolumikizira mapaipi ozizira zimakonzedwa asanayambe kukonzedwa.
Miyezo yaukadaulo ikugwirizana ndi ASTM B695-2000 (US) ndi zofunikira zankhondo C-81562 pakugwiritsa ntchito ma galvanization amakina.
Kuyerekeza kwa Kusakaniza ndi Kuika Madzi mu Dip Yotentha ndi Kuyika Madzi mu Dip Yozizira
Kuphimba kwa ma galvanizing pogwiritsa ntchito ma hot-dip kumapereka kukana dzimbiri kwambiri kuposa kuphimba kwa ma galvanizing pogwiritsa ntchito ma cold-dip (omwe amadziwikanso kuti electrogalvanizing). Ma electro-galvanizing okhala ndi ma electro-galvanized nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makulidwe kuyambira 5 mpaka 15 μm, pomwe ma hot-dip galvanized okhala ndi ma hot-dip nthawi zambiri amapitirira 35 μm ndipo amatha kufika 200 μm. Kuphimba kwa ma hot-dip kumapereka chophimba chabwino kwambiri chokhala ndi chophimba cholimba chopanda zinthu za organic. Kuphimba kwa ma electro-galvanizing kumagwiritsa ntchito ma zinc-filled coating kuti ateteze zitsulo ku dzimbiri. Ma glovanizing awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba potetezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse yophimba, ndikupanga zinc-filled coating pambuyo pouma. Chophimba choumacho chimakhala ndi zinc yambiri (mpaka 95%). Chitsulo chimadutsa pamwamba pake pansi pa zinc, pomwe kuphimba kwa ma hot-dip kumaphatikizapo kuphimba mapaipi achitsulo ndi zinc kudzera mu kumiza kwa ma hot-dip. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti chophimbacho chikhale cholimba kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chophimbacho chisamasuke.
Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji galvanizing yotenthedwa ndi galvanizing yozizira?
1. Kuzindikira Zooneka
Malo otenthedwa ndi ma galvanized amaoneka olimba pang'ono, akuwonetsa ma watermark, madontho, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwa ndi njira—makamaka oonekera kumapeto kwa chinthucho. Mawonekedwe onse ndi oyera ngati siliva.
Malo okhala ndi ma electrogalvanized (ozizira) amakhala osalala, makamaka achikasu-obiriwira, ngakhale kuti kuwala kowala, koyera ngati buluu, kapena koyera kokhala ndi kuwala kobiriwira kungawonekerenso. Malo amenewa nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi tinthu ta zinc kapena makulidwe.
2. Kusiyanitsa ndi Njira
Kuthira ma galvanizing m'madzi otentha kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo: kuchotsa mafuta, kusonkhanitsa asidi, kumiza mankhwala, kuumitsa, kenako kumiza mu zinc yosungunuka kwa nthawi inayake musanachotse. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga mapaipi othira ma galvanizing m'madzi otentha.
Komabe, kuzizira kwa galvanizing kwenikweni ndi electrogalvanizing. Kumagwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi pomwe chogwirira ntchito chimachotsedwa mafuta ndikusambitsidwa chisanalowe mu yankho la mchere wa zinc. Cholumikizidwa ku chipangizo chamagetsi, chogwirira ntchitocho chimayika zinc wosanjikiza kudzera mu kayendedwe ka mphamvu pakati pa ma electrode abwino ndi oipa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-01-2025
