Nā papa kumu o ke kila kila

Maʻamau kila kohu ʻolenā kumu hoʻohālike
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kila kila i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia he mau hōʻailona helu, aia he 200 moʻo, 300 moʻo, 400 moʻo, ʻo lākou ka ʻelele o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e like me 201, 202, 302, 303, 304, 316, 410, 420, 430, a pēlā aku. Hoʻohana ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona kila kila o Kina i nā hōʻailona element me nā helu, e like me 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni9, 0Cr17, 3Cr13, 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N, a pēlā aku, a hōʻike nā helu i ka ʻike element like. 00Cr18Ni9, 1Cr17, 3Cr13, 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N a pēlā aku, hōʻike ka helu i ka ʻike element like.

200 moʻo: chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic kila kila
300 moʻo: chromium-nickel austenitic kila kila
301: Maikaʻi ka ductility, hoʻohana ʻia no nā huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia e ka wikiwiki o ka mīkini. Maikaʻi ka weldability. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka ikaika luhi ma mua o ke kila kila 304.
302: kūpaʻa i ka pala me 304, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona a no laila ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
302B: He ʻano kila kila ia me ka nui o ka silicon, nona ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka oxidation wela kiʻekiʻe.
303: Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka sulfur a me ka phosphorus e maʻalahi ai ka mīkini.
303Se: Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia e hana i nā ʻāpana mīkini e pono ai ke poʻo wela, no ka mea, he maikaʻi ka hana wela o kēia kila kila ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana.
304: kila kila 18/8. Papa GB 0Cr18Ni9. 309: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka mahana ma mua o 304.
304L: He ʻano like ʻole o ke kila kila kila 304 me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kalapona, hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi e pono ai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ke kalapona e hōʻemi i ka ua ʻana o nā carbides ma ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela kokoke i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka intergranular corrosion (weld erosion) o ke kila kila kila ma kekahi mau wahi.
304N: He kila kila ʻole i loaʻa ka naikokene, i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ke kila.
305 a me 384: Loaʻa nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka nickel, he haʻahaʻa ko lākou helu paʻakikī hana a kūpono no nā ʻano hana like ʻole e koi ana i ke ʻano anu kiʻekiʻe.
308: Hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā koʻokoʻo wili.
309, 310, 314 a me 330: kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka nickel a me ka chromium, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūpaʻa oxidation o ke kila i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika kolo. ʻOiai ʻo 30S5 a me 310S he mau ʻano like ʻole o ke kila ...
316 a me 317: loaʻa ka alumini, a no laila he kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pitting corrosion i nā wahi kai a me nā ʻoihana kemika ma mua o ke kila kila 304. I waena o lākou, ʻano 316 kila kilama nā ʻano like ʻole e komo pū me ke kila kila kila haʻahaʻa kalapona 316L, ke kila kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe i loaʻa ka naikokene 316N, a me ka nui o ka sulfur o ke kila kila mīkini manuahi 316F.
321, 347 a me 348: he titanium, niobium me ka tantalum, niobium stabilized stainless steel, kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO 348 kahi ʻano kila kila kūpono no ka ʻoihana mana nukelea, ʻo ka tantalum a me ka nui o ka wili ʻana i hui pū ʻia me kahi kekelē o ka palena.
400 moʻo: kila kila ferritic a me martensitic
408: Kū'ē wela maika'i, kū'ē pala nāwaliwali, 11% Cr, 8% Ni.
409: ʻo ke ʻano makepono loa (Pelekane a me ʻAmelika), i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e like me nā paipu hoʻopau kaʻa, he kila kila ferritic (kila chromium)
410: martensitic (kila chromium ikaika kiʻekiʻe), kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana, kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻole i ka pala. 416: hoʻomaikaʻi ka sulfur i hoʻohui ʻia i ka machinability o ka mea.
420: Ke kila martensitic "ʻoki mea hana", e like me ke kila chromium kiʻekiʻe ʻo Brinell, ke kila kila mua loa. Hoʻohana pū ʻia no nā pahi ʻokiʻoki a hiki ke hana ʻia i ʻālohilohi loa.
430ʻO ke kila kila Ferritic, mea hoʻonaninani, e laʻa no nā mea pono kaʻa. Maikaʻi ke ʻano, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka mahana a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala.
440: kila ʻokiʻoki ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kalapona, ma hope o ka mālama wela kūpono hiki ke loaʻa ka ikaika hua kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i ka 58HRC, no ke kila kila paʻakikī loa. ʻO ka laʻana noi maʻamau ka "pahi pahi". ʻEkolu mau ʻano i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia: 440A, 440B, 440C, a me 440F (ʻano maʻalahi e mīkini).
500 Series: Ke kila kila chromium pale wela
600 Series: Ke kila kila paʻakikī hoʻoheheʻe Martensitic
630: ʻO ke ʻano kila kila paʻakikī i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo 17-4; 17% Cr, 4% Ni.