Nā ʻano a me nā kikoʻī o ke kila

I. Papa kila a me ka ʻāpana
Papa kilaUa māhele ʻia i ka papa kila mānoanoa, ka papa kila lahilahi a me ke kila pālahalaha, ʻo kona mau kikoʻī me ka hōʻailona "a" a me ka laulā x mānoanoa x lōʻihi ma millimeters. E like me: he 300x10x3000 nona ka laulā o 300mm, ka mānoanoa o 10mm, ka lōʻihi o ka papa kila o 3000mm.

Papa kila mānoanoa: ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o 4mm, ka laulā 600 ~ 3000mm, ka lōʻihi 4 ~ 12m.
Papa kila lahilahi: mānoanoa ma lalo o 4mm, laulā 500 ~ 1500mm, lōʻihi 0.5 ~ 4m.
Ke kila pālahalaha:mānoanoa 4 ~ 60mm, laulā 12 ~ 200mm, lōʻihi 3 ~ 9m.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā papa kila a me nā ʻāpana e like me ke ʻano ʻōwili:nā pā i ʻōwili anu ʻiaa menā pā i ʻōwili wela ʻia; e like me ka mānoanoa: nā papa kila lahilahi (ma lalo o 4mm), nā papa kila mānoanoa (4-60mm), nā papa mānoanoa loa (ma luna o 60mm)

2. kila ʻōwili wela
2.1kukuna-I
ʻO ke kila I-beam e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, he ʻaoʻao ʻāpana keʻa I-ʻano ia, ua like nā ʻaoʻao o luna a me lalo.
Ua māhele ʻia ke kila I-beam i ʻekolu ʻano laulā maʻamau, māmā a me ka ʻēheu, me ka hōʻailona "hana" a me ka helu o ia mau mea. ʻO ia ka helu e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana o ka helu o nā kenimika. 20 a me 32 ma luna o ke kila I-beam maʻamau, ʻo ka helu like a ua māhele ʻia i ke ʻano a, b a me a, b, c, ʻo kona mānoanoa pūnaewele a me ka laulā flange he 2mm ka hoʻonui ʻia. e like me T36a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana kea he 360 ​​mm, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka pūnaewele o kahi papa o ka I-beam maʻamau. Pono nā I-beams e hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana i ka mānoanoa lahilahi o ke ʻano a, ma muli o kona māmā, ʻoiai he nui ka manawa o ka inertia ʻāpana kea.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa o ka inertia a me ke radius o ka gyration o nā I-beams ma ke kuhikuhi ākea ma mua o nā mea ma ke kuhikuhi kiʻekiʻe. No laila, aia kekahi mau palena i ka hoʻohana ʻana, kūpono maʻamau no nā lālā kulou hoʻokahi ala.
3.kila kahawai
Ua māhele ʻia ke kila kahawai i ʻelua ʻano o ke kila kahawai maʻamau a me ke kila kahawai māmā. ʻO ke ʻano kila kahawai me ka hōʻailona "["" a me ka helu o ka ʻōlelo. ʻO ka like me ke kukuna I, ʻo ka helu o nā kenimika ke hōʻike nei hoʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana kea. E like me [20 a me Q [20], ma ka inoa o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana o 200mm o ke kila kahawai maʻamau a me ke kila kahawai māmā. 14 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 24 kila kahawai maʻamau, ʻo ia ka helu like o ke ʻano sub-a, b a me a, b, c, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka I-beam.

 

4. kila kihi
Ua māhele ʻia ke kila kihi i ʻelua ʻano o ke kila kihi like ʻole a me ke kila kihi like ʻole.
Ke kihi like ʻaoʻao: ʻo kona mau lālā ʻelua e kū pono ana kekahi i kekahi o ka lōʻihi like, ʻo kona kumu hoʻohālike me ka hōʻailona "L" a me ka laulā o ka lālā x ka mānoanoa o ka lālā ma millimeters, e like me L100x10 no ka laulā o ka lālā o 100mm, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka lālā o 10mm ka huina like ʻaoʻao.
Nā kihi like ʻole: ʻaʻole like kona mau lālā ʻelua e kū pono ana kekahi i kekahi, ʻo ke kumu hoʻohālike me ka hōʻailona "" a me ka laulā o ka lālā lōʻihi x ka laulā o ka lālā pōkole x ka mānoanoa o ka lālā ma millimeters, e like me L100x80x8 no ka laulā o ka lālā lōʻihi o 100mm, ka laulā o ka lālā pōkole o 80mm, ka mānoanoa o ka lālā o 8mm ka huina like ʻole.

 
5. kukuna H(ʻōwili ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia)
He ʻokoʻa ke kukuna-H mai ke kukuna-I.
(1) flange ākea, no laila ua loaʻa kahi flange ākea I-beam i ʻōlelo ʻia.
(2) ʻAʻole pono ka ʻili o loko o ka flange e loaʻa kahi pali, ua like nā ʻili o luna a me lalo.
(3) Mai ke ʻano o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea, ʻo ka ʻāpana keʻa I-beam o ka mea i kau nui ʻia ma ka pūnaewele a puni, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ke kila, a ʻōwili ʻia ka H-beam, ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea e kau nui ʻia ma ka lihi o ka ʻāpana.
Ma muli o kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano ʻāpana keʻa H-beam ma mua o ka hana kuʻuna, ke kahawai, ke kihi a me kā lākou hui pū ʻana o ka ʻāpana keʻa, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hopena waiwai.
Wahi a ke kūlana aupuni o kēia manawa "wela-beam H a me ka ʻāpana T-beam" (GB/T11263-2005), ua māhele ʻia ka H-beam i ʻehā mau māhele, i kapa ʻia penei: ka flange ākea H-beam - HW (W no ka prefix English ākea), nā kikoʻī mai 100mmx100mm ~ 400mmx400mm; ka flange waena H-beam - HM (M no ka prefix English waena), nā kikoʻī mai ka Specification mai 150mmX100mm ~ 600mmX300mm: Narrow Cui-edge H-beam - HN (N no ka prefix English narrow); ka thin-walled H-beam - HT (T no ka prefix English lahilahi). Hoʻohana ʻia ka māka kikoʻī H-beam: H a me ka waiwai o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai h x ka laulā o ka waiwai b x ka waiwai o ka mānoanoa o ka pūnaewele t waiwai x ka waiwai o ka mānoanoa o ka waiwai flange t2 i ʻōlelo ʻia. E like me H800x300x14x26, ʻo ia hoʻi, no ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana he 800mm, ka laulā o ka flange he 300mm, ka mānoanoa o ka pūnaewele he 14mm, a me ka mānoanoa o ka flange he 26mm H-beam. A i ʻole e hōʻike mua ʻia me nā hōʻailona HWHM a me HN i ʻōlelo ʻia me ka mahele H-beam, a ukali ʻia e "kiʻekiʻe (mm) x laulā (mm)", e like me HW300x300, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana he 300mm, a me ka laulā o ka flange he 300mm H-beam.
6. kukuna-T
Ua māhele ʻia ka ʻāpana T-beam (Kiʻi) i ʻekolu mau māhele, penei ke code: ʻāpana flange ākea o ka T-beam - TW (W no ke poʻo ʻEnelani ākea); ma ka ʻāpana flange o ka T-beam - TM (M no ke poʻo ʻEnelani waena); ʻāpana flange haiki o ka T-beam - TN (N no ke poʻo ʻEnelani nawaliwali). ʻO ka ʻāpana T-beam e ka H-beam e pili ana ma ke kikowaena o ka pūnaewele like i māhele like ʻia. Nā kikoʻī ʻāpana T-beam i hōʻailona ʻia me: T a me ke kiʻekiʻe h waiwai x laulā b waiwai x mānoanoa pūnaewele t waiwai x flange mānoanoa t waiwai. E like me T248x199x9x14, ʻo ia hoʻi, no ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana o 248mm, ʻo ka laulā ʻēheu o 199mm, ʻo ka mānoanoa pūnaewele o 9mm, ʻo ka mānoanoa flange o 14mm T-beam. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka ʻano like o ka H-beam, e like me TN225x200, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻāpana he 225mm, a ʻo ka laulā o ka flange he 200mm ka ʻāpana flange haiki T-beam.

7. paipu kila kūkulu
ʻO ka paipu kila ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o nā huahana hao a me ke kila, ma muli o kāna kaʻina hana a me ke ʻano o ka paipu i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano hana like ʻole a ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻano.paipu kila humuhumu(pōʻai ʻino) a mepaipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia(pā, me ka maikaʻi ʻole) ʻelua mau māhele, e nānā i ke Kiʻi.
ʻO ke ʻano kila i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā paipu kila humuhumu wela a me nā paipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ua ʻōwili ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka paipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai ke kaula kila, e like me ka nui o ke anawaena o ka paipu, a ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa humuhumu pololei a me ka hoʻopaʻa wili.Paipu kila LSAWʻO nā kikoʻī no ke anawaena waho o 32 ~ 152mm, ka mānoanoa o ka paia o 20 ~ 5.5mm. Nā kūlana aupuni no ka "paipu kila LSAW" (GB/T13793-2008). ʻO ka paipu kila humuhumu kūkulu e like me ke kūlana aupuni "paipu kila humuhumu kūkulu" (GB/T8162-2008), aia ʻelua ʻano o ka paipu wela-ʻōwili a me ke anu-huki, ʻo ke anawaena paipu anu-huki he liʻiliʻi wale nō, ʻo ke anawaena waho o ka paipu kila humuhumu wela-ʻōwili he 32 ~ 630mm, a ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka paia he 25 ~ 75mm.
ʻO nā kikoʻī o ke anawaena waho x ka mānoanoa o ka paia (mm), e like me φ102x5. Ua kulou ʻia ka paipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ke kaula kila, he haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai. He kūpono ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ʻāpana symmetry o ke keʻa paipu kila, ʻo ka manawa o ka inertia ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau a me ka radius o ka gyration he like a ʻoi aku ka nui, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o ka ikaika, ʻoiai ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaomi axial, a ʻo kona ʻano piʻo e hoʻemi i ka pale ʻana i ka makani, nā nalu, ka hau, akā ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻonohonoho pili.