Iyini insimbi ? I-zinc inamathela isikhathi esingakanani?

Izinqubo ezahlukene zingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-galvanizing:

1. I-hot-dip galvanizing

2. Electro galvanizing

3. Ukusatshalaliswa kweZinc

4. Ukufutha ngensimbi

 

Idiphu elishisayo lifakwe amathini

Phakathi nenqubo yokufaka ama-galvanizing, insimbi icwiliswa kubhavu we-zinc oncibilikisiwe. I-Hot-dip galvanizing (HDG) ibandakanya izinyathelo ezintathu eziyisisekelo: ukulungiswa kwendawo, ukuvuza, nokuhlola.

Ukulungiswa kwendawo

Enqubweni yokulungiswa kwendawo, insimbi eyakhiwe ngaphambili ithunyelwa ukuze ifakwe uthayela futhi idlule ezigabeni ezintathu zokuhlanza: ukukhishwa, ukugeza i-asidi, nokuguquguquka. Ngaphandle kwale nqubo yokuhlanza, ukugalela amanzi akukwazi ukuqhubeka ngoba i-zinc ngeke isabele ngensimbi engcolile.

I-galvanizing

Ngemva kokuqedwa kokulungiswa kwendawo, insimbi icwiliswa ku-98% zinc encibilikisiwe ku-830°F. I-engeli lapho insimbi icwiliswa khona ebhodweni kufanele ivumele umoya ukuba uphume kumajamo noma amanye amaphakethe. Lokhu futhi kuvumela i-zinc ukuthi igeleze futhi ingene kuwo wonke umzimba wensimbi. Ngale ndlela, i-zinc ihlangana nayo yonke insimbi. Insimbi ngaphakathi kwensimbi iqala ukusabela nge-zinc, yakha i-zinc-iron intermetallic coating. Ohlangothini olungaphandle, i-zinc coating ehlanzekile ifakwe.

Ukuhlola

Isinyathelo sokugcina siwukuhlola ukunamathela. Ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kuqhutshwa ukuze kuhlolwe noma yiziphi izindawo ezingenalutho emzimbeni wensimbi, njengoba ukugqoka ngeke kuhambisane nensimbi engahlanzekile. Igeji yokuqina kazibuthe ingasetshenziswa futhi ukunquma ukujiya kokumboza.

 

2 I-electro galvanizing

Insimbi ye-electrogalvanized ikhiqizwa ngenqubo ye-electrochemical. Kule nqubo, insimbi icwiliswa ekugezeni kwe-zinc, futhi umbane kagesi udlula kuwo. Le nqubo yaziwa nangokuthi i-electroplating.

Ngaphambi kwenqubo ye-electrogalvanizing, insimbi kufanele ihlanzwe. Lapha, i-zinc isebenza njenge-anode yokuvikela insimbi. Nge-electrolysis, i-zinc sulfate noma i-zinc cyanide isetshenziswa njenge-electrolyte, kuyilapho i-cathode ivikela insimbi ekugqwaleni. Le electrolyte ibangela ukuthi i-zinc ihlale phezu kwensimbi njengengubo. Uma isikhathi eside insimbi icwiliswa ku-zinc bath, i-coating iba mkhulu.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala, izimbotshana ezithile zokuguqula zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Le nqubo ikhiqiza ungqimba olwengeziwe lwezinc ne-chromium hydroxides, okuholela ekubukekeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka endaweni yensimbi.

 

3 Ukungena kweZinc

I-Zinc Plating ihlanganisa ukwenza i-zinc coating phezu kwensimbi noma insimbi ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi.

Kule nqubo, insimbi ifakwa esitsheni esine-zinc, esivalwa futhi sishiswe ezingeni lokushisa elingaphansi kwendawo yokuncibilika kwe-zinc. Umphumela walokhu kusabela ukwakheka kwengxubevange ye-zinc-iron, enengqimba engaphandle eqinile ye-zinc enamathela endaweni yensimbi futhi inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okubalulekile. Lokhu kunamathela futhi kusiza ukunamathela kopende okungcono ngaphezulu.

Ezintweni ezincane zensimbi, i-zinc plating iyindlela efanelekile. Le nqubo ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezimise ngendlela engavamile, njengoba ungqimba lwangaphandle lungalandela kalula iphethini yesisekelo sensimbi.

 

4 Ukufutha ngensimbi

Enqubweni yokufafaza i-zinc yensimbi, izinhlayiya ze-zinc ezishajwe ngogesi noma ezincibilikisiwe ze-athomu zifafazwa endaweni yensimbi. Le nqubo yenziwa kusetshenziswa isibhamu sesifutho esiphathwa ngesandla noma ilangabi elikhethekile.

Ngaphambi kokufaka i-zinc coating, zonke izinto ezingcolile, njengezinto ezingadingeki zangaphezulu, uwoyela, nokugqwala, kufanele zisuswe. Ngemva kokuba inqubo yokuhlanza isiqediwe, izinhlayiya ze-zinc ezincibilikisiwe ze-athomu zifafazwa endaweni emagebhugebhu, lapho ziqina khona.

Le ndlela yokumboza insimbi iyona efaneleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuxebuka nokucweba, kodwa ayilungele ukunikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okubalulekile.

 

I-zinc coating ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Mayelana nokuqina, ngokuvamile kuncike ebukhulu be-zinc enamathela, kanye nezinye izici ezifana nohlobo lwendawo, uhlobo lwe-zinc esetshenziswayo, kanye nekhwalithi yopende noma i-spray. Lapho i-zinc ijiya, iba yinde isikhathi sokuphila.

I-hot-dip galvanizing vs. ama-galvanizing abandayoIzingubo zikathayela zediphu ezishisayo ngokuvamile zihlala isikhathi eside kunezimbotshana ezibandayo zamathayela ngoba ngokuvamile ziminyene futhi ziqine kakhulu. I-hot-dip galvanizing ihlanganisa ukucwiliswa kwensimbi ku-zinc encibilikisiwe, kanti endleleni ebandayo yokufaka uthayela, ungqimba olulodwa noma ezimbili ziyafuthwa noma zixutshwe.

Mayelana nokuqina, ama-hot-dip galvanized coatings angahlala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 kungakhathaliseki izimo zemvelo. Ngokuphambene, ama-conded-dip galvanized coatings ngokuvamile ahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa, kuye ngobuningi bokunamathela.

Ukwengeza, ezindaweni ezonakalisa kakhulu ezifana nezilungiselelo zezimboni, isikhathi sokuphila sezingubo ze-zinc singakhawulwa. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha izimbotshana ze-zinc zekhwalithi ephezulu nokuyigcina isikhathi eside kubalulekile ukuze kukhuliswe ukuvikeleka ekugqwaleni, ekugugeni, nasekugqwaleni.