Iyini insimbi egayiwe? Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani i-zinc coating?

Izinqubo ezahlukene zingasetshenziswa ekugayweni kwe-galvanizing:

1. Ukushisa okushisayo

2. Ukugaya ngogesi

3. Ukusabalala kwe-zinc

4. Ukufutha ngensimbi

 

I-Hot-dip eqinisiwe

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka i-galvanizing, insimbi ifakwa ebhavini le-zinc elincibilikisiwe. I-hot-dip galvanizing (HDG) ihilela izinyathelo ezintathu eziyisisekelo: ukulungiswa kwendawo, ukufaka i-galvanizing, kanye nokuhlolwa.

Ukulungiselela Okungaphezulu

Enqubweni yokulungisa ubuso, insimbi elungisiwe kusengaphambili ithunyelwa ukuze ifakelwe i-galvanizing futhi idlula ezigabeni ezintathu zokuhlanza: ukususa amafutha, ukugeza nge-asidi, kanye nokugeleza. Ngaphandle kwale nqubo yokuhlanza, ukufaka i-galvanizing ngeke kuqhubeke ngoba i-zinc ngeke isabele ngensimbi engcolile.

Ukuhlanganisa nge-galvanizing

Ngemva kokulungiswa kobuso, insimbi ifakwa ku-zinc encibilikisiwe engu-98% ku-830°F. I-engeli lapho insimbi ifakwa khona ebhodweni kufanele ivumele umoya ukuthi uphume ezimweni zeshubhu noma kwezinye izindawo. Lokhu kuvumela futhi i-zinc ukuthi igeleze ingene emzimbeni wonke wensimbi. Ngale ndlela, i-zinc ihlangana nensimbi yonke. Insimbi engaphakathi kwensimbi iqala ukusabela ne-zinc, yakha ungqimba lwe-zinc-iron intermetallic. Ohlangothini lwangaphandle, kufakwa ungqimba lwe-zinc oluhlanzekile.

Ukuhlolwa

Isinyathelo sokugcina ukuhlola isembozo. Kuhlolwa ngokubonakalayo ukuze kuhlolwe noma yiziphi izindawo ezingamboziwe emzimbeni wensimbi, njengoba isembozo ngeke sinamathele ensimbini engahlanzekile. Isilinganiso sobukhulu obunamandla singasetshenziswa futhi ukuthola ukujiya kwesimbozo.

 

2 Ukugaya ngogesi

Insimbi efakwe i-electrogalvanized ikhiqizwa ngenqubo ye-electrochemical. Kule nqubo, insimbi ifakwa emanzini acwebezelayo, bese kudlula ugesi kuyo. Le nqubo yaziwa nangokuthi i-electroplating.

Ngaphambi kwenqubo yokugaya i-electrogalvanizing, insimbi kumele ihlanzwe. Lapha, i-zinc isebenza njenge-anode ukuvikela insimbi. Nge-electrolysis, i-zinc sulfate noma i-zinc cyanide isetshenziswa njenge-electrolyte, kuyilapho i-cathode ivikela insimbi ekugqwaleni. Le electrolyte ibangela ukuthi i-zinc ihlale ebusweni bensimbi njengengubo. Uma insimbi ifakwa isikhathi eside ebhavini le-zinc, ingubo iba nkulu kakhulu.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala, ezinye izembozo zokuguqulwa zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Le nqubo ikhiqiza ungqimba olwengeziwe lwe-zinc kanye ne-chromium hydroxides, okuholela ekubukekeni okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ebusweni bensimbi.

 

3 Ukungena kweZinc

Ukufakwa kwe-zinc kuhilela ukwakha ungqimba lwe-zinc phezu kwensimbi noma insimbi ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi.

Kule nqubo, insimbi ifakwa esitsheni esine-zinc, esivalwa bese sishiswa kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwe-zinc encibilikayo. Umphumela walokhu kusabela ukwakheka kwe-zinc-iron alloy, enengqimba yangaphandle eqinile ye-zinc emsulwa enamathela ebusweni bensimbi futhi ihlinzeka ngokumelana okukhulu nokugqwala. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kusiza futhi ukunamathela okungcono kopende ebusweni.

Ezintweni ezincane zensimbi, i-zinc plating iyindlela engcono kakhulu. Le nqubo ifaneleka kakhulu ezingxenyeni zensimbi ezingakhekile ngendlela engavamile, njengoba ungqimba lwangaphandle lungalandela kalula iphethini yensimbi eyisisekelo.

 

4 Ukufutha Ngensimbi

Enqubweni yokufutha insimbi nge-zinc plating, izinhlayiya ze-zinc ezicibilikisiwe ezishajwe ngogesi noma ezenziwe nge-atom ziyafuthwa phezu kwensimbi. Le nqubo yenziwa kusetshenziswa isibhamu sokufutha esiphathwa ngesandla noma ilangabi elikhethekile.

Ngaphambi kokufaka isembozo se-zinc, zonke izinto ezingcolisayo, njengesembozo sobuso esingafuneki, uwoyela, kanye nokugqwala, kumele kususwe. Ngemva kokuba inqubo yokuhlanza isiqediwe, izinhlayiya ze-zinc ezincibilikisiwe ezifakwe i-atom ziyafuthwa endaweni elukhuni, lapho ziqina khona.

Le ndlela yokumboza ngensimbi yokufutha iyona efaneleka kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukuxebuka nokuqhekeka, kodwa ayilungele ukunikeza ukumelana okukhulu kokugqwala.

 

Ingubo ye-zinc ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ngokuphathelene nokuqina, ngokuvamile kuncike ekujiyeni kwesembozo se-zinc, kanye nezinye izici ezifana nohlobo lwendawo, uhlobo lwesembozo se-zinc esisetshenziswayo, kanye nekhwalithi yesembozo sopende noma sokufutha. Uma isembozo se-zinc sijiyile, kulapho isikhathi sokuphila siba side khona.

Ukucwilisa nge-hot-dip vs. ukucwilisa nge-coldIzembozo ze-hot-dip galvanized ngokuvamile zihlala isikhathi eside kunezembozo ze-cold galvanized ngoba zivame ukuba zijiyile futhi ziqine kakhulu. I-hot-dip galvanizing ihilela ukucwilisa insimbi ku-zinc encibilikisiwe, kanti ngendlela ye-cold galvanizing, kufakwe isendlalelo esisodwa noma ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.

Ngokuphathelene nokuqina, izembozo ezifakwe i-hot-dip galvanized zingahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izimo zemvelo zinjani. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izembozo ezifakwe i-cold-dip galvanized zivame ukuhlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa kuphela, kuye ngokuthi i-coating ingakanani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezigqwala kakhulu njengezindawo zezimboni, isikhathi sokuphila sezembozo ze-zinc singancishiswa. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha izembozo ze-zinc ezisezingeni eliphezulu nokuzigcina isikhathi eside kubalulekile ekuvikeleni kakhulu ekugqwaleni, ekugugeni nasekugqwaleni.