Ubukhulu bepayipi lensimbi

Amapayipi ensimbiahlukaniswa ngokuma kwesigaba esiphambanayo abe yindilinga, isikwele, unxande, namapayipi anomumo okhethekile; ngamapayipi ensimbi esakhiwo sekhabhoni, amapayipi ensimbi anengxubevange ephansi, amapayipi ensimbi yengxubevange, namapayipi ayinhlanganisela; nangokufaka izicelo kumapayipi okudlulisa amapayipi, izakhiwo zobunjiniyela, okokusebenza okushisayo, izimboni ze-petrochemical, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, ukumba i-geological, kanye nemishini enengcindezi ephezulu. Ngenqubo yokukhiqiza, ahlukaniswe ngamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo namapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe. Amapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo aphinde ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezigoqiwe ezishisayo nezigoqekayo (ezidonswe), kuyilapho amapayipi ensimbi ashiselwe ahlukaniswa abe amapayipi ashiselwe ngomthungo oqondile kanye namapayipi ashiselwe ngomthungo oku-spiral.

 

Kunezindlela eziningi zokumela amapharamitha wobukhulu bepayipi. Ngezansi kunezincazelo zobukhulu bamapayipi asetshenziswa kakhulu: NPS, DN, OD kanye neSheduli.

(1) I-NPS (Usayizi Wepayipi Lokuqamba)

I-NPS indinganiso yaseNyakatho Melika yamapayipi aphezulu/omfutho ophansi kanye naphezulu/wezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Yinombolo engenasici esetshenziselwa ukuchaza usayizi wepayipi. Inombolo elandela i-NPS ikhombisa usayizi wepayipi ojwayelekile.

I-NPS isuselwe ohlelweni lwangaphambili lwe-IPS (Iron Pipe Size). Isistimu ye-IPS yasungulwa ukuze ihlukanise osayizi bamapayipi, nobukhulu obuvezwe ngamayintshi amelela cishe ububanzi bangaphakathi. Isibonelo, ipayipi le-IPS 6" libonisa ububanzi obungaphakathi obusondele kumayintshi angu-6. Abasebenzisi baqale ukubhekisela kumapayipi njengamapayipi angu-2 intshi, 4-intshi, noma 6-intshi.

 

(2) I-Nominal Diameter DN (I-Diameter Nominal)

Ububanzi Bezibizo DN: Okunye ukumelwa kwedayamitha yegama (bore). Isetshenziswa kumasistimu wamapayipi njengesihlonzi senhlanganisela yezinhlamvu nenombolo, ehlanganisa izinhlamvu ze-DN elandelwa inombolo ephelele engenasici. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-DN bore yegama iyinani eliphelele eliyindilinga ngezinjongo zereferensi, elinobudlelwano obuxegayo kuphela nobukhulu bangempela bokukhiqiza. Inombolo elandela i-DN ivamise ukulinganiswa ngamamilimitha (mm). Emazingeni aseShayina, ububanzi bepayipi ngokuvamile buchazwa njenge-DNXX, njenge-DN50.

Amadayamitha wamapayipi ahlanganisa i-diameter yangaphandle (OD), i-diameter yangaphakathi (ID), kanye ne-nominal diameter (DN/NPS). I-diameter yegama (i-DN/NPS) ayihambisani nobubanzi bangempela bangaphandle noma bangaphakathi bepayipi. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nokufaka, ububanzi obuhambisanayo bangaphandle nobukhulu bodonga kufanele bunqunywe ngokuvumelana nezincazelo ezijwayelekile ukuze kubalwe ububanzi bangaphakathi bepayipi.

 

(3) Ububanzi Bangaphandle (OD)

I-Outer Diameter (OD): Uphawu lobubanzi obungaphandle ngu-Φ, futhi lungachazwa ngokuthi OD. Emhlabeni jikelele, amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziselwa ukuthutha uketshezi ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngochungechunge olubili lobubanzi obungaphandle: Uchungechunge A (amadayamitha amakhulu angaphandle, i-imperial) kanye Nochungechunge B (amadayamitha angaphandle amancane, i-metric).

Kunenqwaba yochungechunge lwedayamitha yangaphandle yamapayipi ensimbi akhona emhlabeni jikelele, njenge-ISO (International Organization for Standardization), i-JIS (Japan), i-DIN (Germany), ne-BS (UK).

 

(4) Isheduli Yokuqina Kodonga Lwepayipi

Ngo-March 1927, i-American Standards Committee yenza ucwaningo lwezimboni futhi yethula ukunyuswa okuncane phakathi kwamabanga amabili ayisisekelo odonga lwamapayipi. Lolu hlelo lusebenzisa i-SCH ukukhombisa ukushuba okulinganiselwe kwamapayipi.

 

 I-EHONG STEEL--ubukhulu bepayipi lensimbi