1. Isingeniso sepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo
Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo uhlobo lwensimbi eyindilinga, eyisikwele, engunxande enengxenye engenalutho futhi engenazo izihlanganisi ezizungezile. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lenziwe nge-ingot yensimbi noma ipayipi eliqinile elingenalutho elimbozwe ngepayipi leboya, bese lenziwa ngokugoqa okushisayo, ukugoqa okubandayo noma ukudweba okubandayo. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo linengxenye engenalutho, inani elikhulu elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ipayipi eliwuketshezi, ipayipi lensimbi kanye nensimbi eyindilinga kanye nenye insimbi eqinile, ekugobeni nasekuguquleni amandla ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo esincane, uhlobo lwengxenye yensimbi engabizi, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezingxenye zesakhiwo nezingxenye zemishini, njengokugaya uwoyela ngensimbi.
2. Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kunomlando weminyaka ecishe ibe yi-100. Abafowethu baseJalimane baseManisman baqala ukusungula umshini wokubhoboza onama-skew amabili ngo-1885, kanye nokusungulwa komshini wokubhoboza amapayipi okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngo-1891. Ngo-1903, i-Swiss RCStiefel yasungula umshini wokubhoboza amapayipi othomathikhi (owaziwa nangokuthi umshini wokubhoboza amapayipi aphezulu), futhi kamuva kwavela umshini wokubhoboza amapayipi oqhubekayo kanye nomshini wokusunduza amapayipi kanye neminye imishini yokwandisa, eqala ukwakha imboni yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo yesimanje. Ngawo-1930, ikhwalithi ehlukahlukene yepayipi lensimbi yathuthukiswa ngokwamukela umshini wokubhoboza amapayipi onama-statu aphezulu, umshini wokukhuphula kanye nomshini wokubhoboza amapayipi abandayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngawo-1960, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komshini wokubhoboza amapayipi oqhubekayo, ukuvela kwe-perforator enama-roll amathathu, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa komshini wokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kanye nempumelelo ye-billet yokuphonsa okuqhubekayo, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kuthuthukisa ikhono lokuncintisana kwamapayipi angenamthungo kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe. Ngawo-1970, ipayipi elingenamthungo kanye nepayipi elihlanganisiwe zihambisana, umkhiqizo wepayipi lensimbi emhlabeni wonke ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kuka-5% ngonyaka. Kusukela ngo-1953, iShayina ibilokhu igxile kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo, futhi ekuqaleni yakhe uhlelo lokukhiqiza lokugoqa amapayipi ahlukahlukene amakhulu, aphakathi namancane. Ipayipi lethusi livame ukusetshenziswa njenge-ingot cross - rolling perforation, tube mill rolling, kanye nenqubo yokudweba nge-coil.
3. Ukusetshenziswa nokuhlukaniswa kwepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo
Sebenzisa:
Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo luhlobo lwensimbi yezomnotho enqamula isigaba, inesikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni wezwe, esetshenziswa kabanzi kweze-petroleum, embonini yamakhemikhali, kubhayela, esiteshini sikagesi, emikhunjini, ekukhiqizeni imishini, emotweni, ezindizeni, ezindiza, ezindiza, emandleni, ekujuleni komhlaba, kwezokwakha kanye nasezempi kanye nakweminye imikhakha.
Ukuhlukaniswa:
(1) Ngokusho kwesimo sesigaba, sihlukaniswe ngepayipi lesigaba eliyindilinga kanye nepayipi lesigaba elinomumo okhethekile
(2) Ngokusho kwezinto: ipayipi lensimbi yekhabhoni, ipayipi lensimbi ye-alloy, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi elihlanganisiwe
(3) Ngokusho kwemodi yokuxhuma: ipayipi lokuxhuma elinezintambo, ipayipi elihlanganisiwe
(4) Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza: ipayipi lokugoqa elishisayo (i-extrusion, i-top, i-expansion), ipayipi lokugoqa elibandayo (ukudweba)
(5) ngokusebenzisa: ipayipi lebhoyila, ipayipi lomthombo wamafutha, ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi lesakhiwo, ipayipi lomanyolo wamakhemikhali……
4, inqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo
① Inqubo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza (inqubo eyinhloko yokuhlola) yepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqiwe elishisayo:
Ukulungiswa nokuhlolwa kwepayipi elingenalutho → Ukushisa kwepayipi elingenalutho → Ukubhoboza → Ukugoqa ipayipi → Ukushisa kabusha ipayipi emfucumfucwini → Ukulungisa (ukunciphisa) ububanzi → Ukwelashwa ngokushisa → Ukuqondisa ipayipi eliqediwe → Ukuqeda → Ukuhlolwa (okungonakalisi, okungokoqobo kanye namakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kwetafula) → Ukugcinwa
② Inqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqiwe (elidwetshwe) elibandayo
Ukulungiswa okungenalutho → ukugcotshwa kwe-pickling → ukugoqa okubandayo (ukudweba) → ukwelashwa ngokushisa → ukuqondisa → ukuqeda → ukuhlolwa.
5. Ishadi lokugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza lepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqwe ngokushisa lingokulandelayo:
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-13-2023
