1. Nhanganyaya yepombi yesimbi isina musono
Pombi yesimbi isina musono imhando yesimbi yakatenderera, sikweya, ine rectangular ine chikamu chisina chinhu uye isina majoini akaipoteredza. Pombi yesimbi isina musono yakagadzirwa nesimbi ingot kana chubhu yakasimba isina chinhu yakaboorwa kuita chubhu yemvere, yobva yagadzirwa nekupisa, kutonhora kana kudhirowa kunotonhora. Pombi yesimbi isina musono ine chikamu chisina chinhu, nhamba huru yepombi inoshandiswa kutakura pombi yemvura, pombi yesimbi nesimbi yakatenderera nedzimwe simbi dzakasimba, mukukombama uye simba rekutenderera panguva imwe chete, huremu hwakareruka, imhando yechikamu chesimbi chakapfuma, chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvikamu zvechimiro uye zvikamu zvemakanika, zvakaita sekugadzira simbi yekuchera mafuta.
2. Nhoroondo yekugadzirwa kwemapombi esimbi asina musono
Kugadzirwa kwemapombi esimbi isina musono kwave nemakore anoda kusvika zana. Hama dzeGerman Manisman dzakatanga kugadzira muchina wekuboora skew une urefu hwemamita maviri muna 1885, uye kugadzirwa kwemuchina wekuboora payipi we periodic muna 1891. Muna 1903, Swiss RCStiefel yakagadzira muchina wekuboora payipi otomatiki (unozivikanwawo semuchina wepamusoro wekuboora payipi), uye gare gare kwakabuda muchina wekuboora payipi unoenderera mberi uye muchina wekusundidzira payipi nemimwe michina yekuwedzera, zvichitanga kuumba indasitiri yemazuva ano yepombi yesimbi isina musono. Muma1930, mhando dzakasiyana dzepombi yesimbi dzakavandudzwa nekushandisa muchina wekuboora payipi une urefu hwemamita matatu, muchina wekuburitsa simbi uye muchina wekuboora payipi unotonhora unoenderera mberi. Muma1960, nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwemuchina wekuboora payipi unoenderera mberi, kubuda kwemuchina wekuboora tambo nhatu, kunyanya kushandiswa kwemuchina wekuderedza kushushikana uye kubudirira kwekukanda tambo, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, kusimudzira kugona kwepombi isina musono uye kukwikwidzana kwepombi. Muma70, pombi isina musono uye pombi dzakasungirirwa dziri pedyo, kubuda kwepombi yesimbi pasi rose kuri kupfuura 5% pagore. Kubva muna 1953, China yave ichikoshesa zvikuru kuvandudzwa kwemapaipi esimbi asina musono, uye pakutanga yakagadzira sisitimu yekugadzira mapaipi akasiyana-siyana makuru, epakati nediki. Mapaipi emhangura anowanzo shandiswawo nenzira ye ingot cross - rolling perforation, tube mill rolling, uye coil drawing process.
3. Kushandiswa uye kurongwa kwepombi yesimbi isina musono
Shandisa:
Musono simbi pombi rudzi rwesimbi cross-section upfumi, ine chinzvimbo chakakosha muhupfumi hwenyika, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumafuta, makemikari indasitiri, bhaira, simba chiteshi, ngarava, michina kugadzira, motokari, ndege, aerospace, simba, geology, kuvaka uye zvechiuto nezvimwe zvikamu.
Kupatsanura:
(1) Zvichienderana nechimiro chechikamu, chakakamurwa kuita pombi yedenderedzwa uye pombi yechikamu ine chimiro chakasarudzika
(2) Zvichienderana nezvinhu: pombi yesimbi yekabhoni, pombi yesimbi ye alloy, pombi yesimbi isina ngura, pombi ye composite
(3) Zvichienderana nemodhi yekubatanidza: pombi yekubatanidza ine shinda, pombi yakasungirirwa
(4) Zvichienderana nenzira yekugadzira: pombi inopisa inotenderedza (extrusion, top, expansion), pombi inotenderedza inotonhora (drawing)
(5) nekushandiswa: pombi yebhoyira, pombi yemafuta, pombi yemapaipi, pombi yechimiro, pombi yefetereza yemakemikari……
4, maitiro ekugadzira pombi yesimbi isina musono
① Maitiro makuru ekugadzira (maitiro makuru ekuongorora) epombi yesimbi isina musono inopfurwa inopisa:
Kugadzirira nekutarisa chivharo chechubhu → kupisa chivharo chechubhu → kubooka → Kutenderedza chivharo → Kudziisazve chivharo mumarara → Kugadzirisa (kuderedza) dhayamita → Kurapa kupisa → Kururamisa chivharo chechubhu chapera → Kupedzisa → Kuongorora (kusaparadza, kwemuviri uye kwemakemikari, kutarisa tafura) → Kuchengeta
② Pombi yesimbi yakamoneredzwa inotonhora (inodhirowa) isina musono maitiro makuru ekugadzira
Kugadzirira kusina chinhu → mafuta ekuzora → kutenderedza kunotonhora (kudhirowa) → kurapwa nekupisa → kutwasanudza → kupedzisa → kuongorora.
5. Chati yekuyerera kwemaitiro ekugadzira pombi yesimbi isina musono inopfurwa inopisa ndeiyi inotevera:
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-13-2023
