Ni gute wakata icyuma?

Intambwe ya mbere mu gutunganya ibyuma ni ugukata, bikubiyemo gucamo ibice by'ibikoresho fatizo cyangwa kubitandukanya mo imiterere kugira ngo haboneke ahantu habi. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukata ibyuma burimo: gukata amapine, gukata inkeri, gukata umuriro, gukata plasma, gukata laser, no gukata amazi.
Gukata ibiziga byo gusya
Ubu buryo bukoresha imashini isya yihuta cyane mu gukata ibyuma. Ni uburyo bukoreshwa cyane mu gukata. Imashini zisya ziroroshye, zoroshye, zoroshye kandi zoroshye gukoresha, bigatuma zikoreshwa cyane mu buryo butandukanye, cyane cyane mu bwubatsi no mu mishinga yo gushushanya imbere. Zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukata imashini ntoya zifite umurambararo kare, imashini zizengurutse, n'imashini zifite imiterere idahuye.

Gukata urukero
Gukata urukero bivuga uburyo bwo kugabanya ibikoresho cyangwa ibikoresho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukata icyuho gito hakoreshejwe icyuma cy'urukero (saw disc). Gukata urukero bikorwa hakoreshejwe imashini y'icyuma ikora urukero. Ibikoresho byo gukata ni kimwe mu bisabwa by'ibanze mu gutunganya ibyuma, bityo reroImashini z’ubukorikori ni ibikoresho bisanzwe mu nganda zikora imashini. Mu gihe cyo gukata, icyuma gikwiye cyo gukata kigomba gutoranywa hashingiwe ku bukomere bw’ibikoresho, kandi umuvuduko mwiza wo gukata ugomba guhindurwa.

Gukata umuriro (Gukata ogisijeni n'amavuta)
Guca umuriro bisaba gushyushya icyuma binyuze mu buryo bwa shimi hagati ya ogisijeni n'icyuma gishongeshejwe, bikacyoroshya, hanyuma bigashongeshwa. Imyuka ishyushya ubusanzwe ni acetylene cyangwa gaze karemano.
Guca umuriro biberanye gusa n'ibyuma bya karuboni kandi ntibikoreshwa ku bundi bwoko bw'ibyuma, nk'ibyuma bitangiza ibyuma cyangwa umuringa/aluminium. Ibyiza byabyo birimo kugabanuka kw'igiciro no gukata ibikoresho bifite ubugari bwa metero ebyiri. Ingaruka mbi zirimo agace kanini gaterwa n'ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe, hamwe n'ibice bikomeye kandi akenshi bigahinduka nk'ibisigazwa by'ibishishwa.

Gukata Plasma
Gukata plasma bikoresha ubushyuhe bw'agace k'amaraso gashyushye cyane kugira ngo bishongeshe icyuma kiri ku nkombe y'icyuma gicagagura, kandi bikureho icyuma gishongeshejwe gikoresheje imbaraga za plasma yihuta cyane kugira ngo bikore agace. Muri rusange gikoreshwa mu gukata ibikoresho bifite ubugari bwa mm 100. Bitandukanye no gukata umuriro, gukata plasma ni kwihuta, cyane cyane iyo ukata impapuro nto z'icyuma gisanzwe cya karuboni, kandi ubuso bucagagura buba bworoshye.

  

Gukata hakoreshejwe laser

Gukata hakoreshejwe laser bikoresha ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo bishyushye, bishongeshe mu gace runaka, kandi bihindure icyuma gishyushye kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu gukata ibikoresho, ubusanzwe bikoreshwa mu gukata neza kandi neza amasahani y'icyuma (<30 mm).Ubwiza bwo gukata hakoreshejwe laser ni bwiza cyane, haba mu gukata vuba cyane no mu buryo bungana.

 

Gukata Amaji
Gukata Waterjet ni uburyo bwo gutunganya bukoresha imiyoboro y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi mu gukata ibyuma, ikabasha gukata rimwe gusa ibikoresho byose mu buryo bunyuranye. Kubera ko icyo gikoresho ari amazi, inyungu ikomeye yo gukata waterjet ni uko ubushyuhe butangwa mu gihe cyo gukata buhita butwarwa n'umuyoboro w'amazi wihuta cyane, bigakuraho ingaruka z'ubushyuhe.