Ni gute abatanga n'abakwirakwiza imishinga bashobora kugura ibyuma byiza? Icya mbere, sobanukirwa ubumenyi bw'ibanze ku byuma.
1. Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gukoreshwa mu byuma?
| Oya. | Ahantu ho Gusaba | Porogaramu zihariye | Ibisabwa by'ingenzi mu mikorere | Ubwoko bw'ibyuma bisanzwe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ubwubatsi n'ibikorwaremezo | Ibiraro, inyubako ndende, imihanda minini, imihanda yo mu mazi, ibibuga by'indege, ibyambu, sitade, nibindi. | Ingufu nyinshi, kurwanya ingese, ubushobozi bwo gusudira, kurwanya imitingito | Imirasire ya H, amasahani aremereye, icyuma gikomeye cyane, icyuma kigwa nabi, icyuma kidashya |
| 2 | Imodoka n'Ubwikorezi | Imiterere y'imodoka, chassis, ibice; inzira za gari ya moshi, amakamyo; ubwato; ibice by'indege (ibyuma byihariye) | Ingufu nyinshi, yoroheje, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, irwanya umunaniro, umutekano | Icyuma gikomeye cyane,urupapuro rukonje, urupapuro rushyushye, icyuma gikozwe mu mabati, icyuma gifite ibice bibiri, icyuma cya TRIP |
| 3 | Imashini n'ibikoresho by'inganda | Ibikoresho by'imashini, cranes, ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini z'ubuhinzi, imiyoboro y'inganda, amatobe y'umuvuduko, amaboiler | Ingufu nyinshi, gukomera, kudashira, kudakomera ku gitutu/ubushyuhe | Amasahani aremereye, icyuma cyubatswe, icyuma cy'umuringa,imiyoboro idafite umugozi, gucura |
| 4 | Ibikoresho byo mu rugo n'ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa | Frigo, imashini zimesa, ibyuma bikonjesha, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, aho televiziyo zihagarara, amasanduku ya mudasobwa, ibikoresho by'icyuma (akabati, utubati two gushyiramo amadosiye, ibitanda) | Irangi ryiza, kurwanya ingese, byoroshye gutunganya, imikorere myiza yo gukanda | Amashuka apfundikiye akonje, amashuka ya electrolytic galvanised,impapuro za galvani zishyushye, icyuma cyasizwe irangi ryabanje |
| 5 | Ubumenyi bw'Ubuvuzi n'Ubuzima | Ibikoresho byo kubaga, gusimbuza ingingo, vis z'amagufwa, stent z'umutima, implants | Kuba bihuye n'ibinyabuzima, kurwanya ingese, imbaraga nyinshi, ntibikoresha ingufu za rukuruzi (hari ubwo) | Icyuma kidafunze cyo mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi (urugero: 316L, 420, 440 series) |
| 6 | Ibikoresho byihariye | Amashanyarazi, imiyoboro y'umwuka (harimo na silindiri za gazi), imiyoboro y'umwuka, ascenseur, imashini ziterura, imiyoboro y'abagenzi, ingendo zo kwidagadura | Ubudahangarwa n'umuvuduko mwinshi, ubudahangarwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubudahangarwa n'imivuniko, kandi wizewe cyane | Amasahani y'umuvuduko w'amazi, icyuma gishyushya, imiyoboro idafunze, imashini zicukura |
| 7 | Ibikoresho by'icyuma n'ibikoresho | Ibikoresho by'imodoka/moto, inzugi z'umutekano, ibikoresho, ingufuri, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho bito | Imikorere myiza, irwanya kwangirika, kandi ifite ubuziranenge buhanitse | Icyuma cya karuboni, icyuma gikoresha imashini zigenga, icyuma gikoresha imashini zisohoka, insinga z'icyuma, insinga z'icyuma |
| 8 | Ubwubatsi bw'Ibyuma | Ibiraro by'ibyuma, amaduka y'inganda, amarembo y'imiyoboro, iminara, ibigega binini byo kubikamo ibintu, iminara yo kohereza amakuru, ibisenge bya sitade | Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bwinshi, gusudira, kuramba | Imirasire ya H,Imirasire ya I, inguni, imiyoboro, amasahani aremereye, icyuma gikomeye cyane, amazi yo mu nyanja/ubushyuhe buke/icyuma kidapfa kwangirika |
| 9 | Kubaka amato n'ubuhanga mu by'inyanja | Amato atwara imizigo, amato atwara peteroli, amato atwara ibigega, urubuga rwo mu mazi, imashini zicukura | Ubudahangarwa ku mazi yo mu nyanja, imbaraga nyinshi, ubushobozi bwo gusudira neza, ubudahangarwa ku ngaruka | Amasahani yo kubaka amato (Icyiciro A, B, D, E), amatara y'amatara, imigozi igororotse, inguni, imiyoboro, imiyoboro |
| 10 | Inganda zigezweho mu byuma | Amapine, amagiya, imiyoboro itwara imizigo, ibice by'inzira ya gari ya moshi, ibikoresho by'ingufu z'umuyaga, sisitemu z'ingufu, imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro | Ubuziranenge bwinshi, imbaraga z'umunaniro, ubushobozi bwo kudashira, uburyo burambye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe | Icyuma gifata amapine (urugero: GCr15), icyuma gikoresha ibikoresho, icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bikozwe mu buryo bw'ingufu, icyuma gikomeza gukonja, icyuma gifunze kandi gikonjesha |
Ibikoresho bihuza neza na porogaramu
Inyubako: Shyira imbere icyuma cya Q355B gifite aloyi nkeya (imbaraga zo gukurura ≥470MPa), kurusha Q235 isanzwe.
Ibidukikije byangiza: Uturere two ku nkombe dukenera icyuma cya 316L (kirimo molybdenum, kirwanya ingese ya chloride ion), kirusha 304.
Ibice bipima ubushyuhe bwinshi: Hitamo ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe nka 15CrMo (bidahinduka munsi ya 550°C).
Iyubahirizwa ry'ibidukikije n'impamyabumenyi zihariye
Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza ya RoHS (amategeko agenga ibyuma biremereye).
Iby'ingenzi mu gusuzuma no kuganira n'abatanga serivisi
Igenzura ry'inkomoko y'umutanga serivisi
Emeza ibisabwa: Uruhushya rw'ubucuruzi rugomba kuba rurimo gukora/kugurisha ibyuma. Ku bigo bikora, reba icyemezo cya ISO 9001.
Ingingo z'ingenzi z'amasezerano
Ingingo y'ubuziranenge: Garagaza uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe amahame ngenderwaho.
Amabwiriza yo kwishyura: 30% by'amafaranga yishyurwa mbere y'igihe, amafaranga asigaye agomba kwishyurwa nyuma yo gusuzuma neza; irinde kwishyura mbere y'igihe cyose.
Igenzura n'ibizava nyuma yo kugurisha
1. Uburyo bwo kugenzura abinjira
Igenzura ry'itsinda: Inomero z'icyemezo cy'ubuziranenge ziherekeje buri tsinda zigomba kuba zihuye n'ibirango by'icyuma.
2. Gukemura amakimbirane nyuma yo kugurisha
Bika ingero: Nk'ikimenyetso cy'ibirego by'amakimbirane y'ubuziranenge.
Sobanura igihe cyo kugurisha nyuma yo kugurisha: Bisaba igisubizo cyihuse ku bibazo by'ubuziranenge.
Incamake: Urutonde rw'Ibyiza by'Amasoko
Ubwiza > Izina ry'umutanga serivisi > Igiciro
Hitamo ibikoresho byemewe n'amategeko biva mu nganda zizwi ku rwego rw'igihugu ku giciro cyo hejuru cya 10% kugira ngo wirinde igihombo cyo kuvugurura ibyuma bidafite ubuziranenge. Vugurura buri gihe ibitabo by'abatanga ibikoresho kandi ushyireho ubufatanye bw'igihe kirekire kugira ngo uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa rukomeze guhagarara.
Izi ngamba zoroshya ku buryo burambuye ingaruka mbi ku ireme, itangwa ry’ibikoresho, n’ikiguzi mu kugura ibyuma, bigatuma imishinga itera imbere neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 17 Nzeri 2025
