M'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi m'mimba mwake mkati ndi kunja kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira

Chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulirandi mtundu wa chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa mwa kukulunga chingwe chachitsulo kukhala chitoliro pa ngodya inayake yozungulira (kupangira ngodya) kenako nkuchilumikiza. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapayipi opangira mafuta, gasi wachilengedwe ndi madzi.

 
Diamita Yodziwika (DN)
M'mimba mwake mwa dzina amatanthauza m'mimba mwake mwa dzina la chitoliro, chomwe ndi mtengo wake wofanana ndi kukula kwa chitolirocho. Pa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira, m'mimba mwake mwa dzina nthawi zambiri chimakhala pafupi, koma sichifanana ndi, m'mimba mwake weniweni wamkati kapena kunja.
Kawirikawiri imafotokozedwa ndi DN kuphatikiza nambala, monga DN200, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti m'mimba mwake ndi chitoliro chachitsulo cha 200 mm.
Magawo ofanana a mainchesi (DN):
1. Kukula kwa mainchesi ang'onoang'ono (DN100 - DN300):
DN100 (mainchesi 4)
DN150 (mainchesi 6)
DN200 (mainchesi 8)
DN250 (mainchesi 10)
DN300 (mainchesi 12)

2. Kukula kwapakati kwa mainchesi (DN350 - DN700):
DN350 (mainchesi 14)
DN400 (mainchesi 16)
DN450 (mainchesi 18)
DN500 (mainchesi 20)
DN600 (mainchesi 24)
DN700 (mainchesi 28)

3. Kukula kwakukulu kwa mainchesi (DN750 - DN1200):
DN750 (mainchesi 30)
DN800 (mainchesi 32)
DN900 (mainchesi 36)
DN1000 (mainchesi 40)
DN1100 (mainchesi 44)
DN1200 (mainchesi 48)

4. Kukula kwakukulu kwambiri kwa mainchesi (DN1300 ndi kupitirira apo):
DN1300 (mainchesi 52)
DN1400 (mainchesi 56)
DN1500 (mainchesi 60)
DN1600 (mainchesi 64)
DN1800 (mainchesi 72)
DN2000 (mainchesi 80)
DN2200 (mainchesi 88)
DN2400 (mainchesi 96)
DN2600 (mainchesi 104)
DN2800 (mainchesi 112)
DN3000 (mainchesi 120)

OD ndi ID
Chidutswa chakunja (OD):
OD ndi m'mimba mwake wa pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira. OD ya chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa kunja kwa chitolirocho.
OD ingapezeke poyesa kwenikweni ndipo nthawi zambiri imayesedwa mu mamilimita (mm).
Chidutswa cha Mkati (ID):
ID ndi m'mimba mwake wa mkati mwa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira. ID ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa mkati mwa chitolirocho.
ID nthawi zambiri imawerengedwa kuchokera ku OD minus kawiri makulidwe a khoma mu mamilimita (mm).
ID = OD-2 × makulidwe a khoma

Ntchito zachizolowezi
Mapaipi achitsulo ozungulira okhala ndi mainchesi osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana:
1. Chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira chaching'ono cha mainchesi awiri (DN100 - DN300):
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu uinjiniya wa boma pa mapaipi operekera madzi, mapaipi otulutsa madzi, mapaipi a gasi, ndi zina zotero.

2. chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira cha mainchesi apakati (DN350-DN700): chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mapaipi amafuta, gasi lachilengedwe ndi mapaipi amadzi a mafakitale.

3. chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira chachikulu m'mimba mwake(DN750 - DN1200): imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulojekiti otumizira madzi akutali, mapaipi amafuta, mapulojekiti akuluakulu amafakitale, monga mayendedwe apakati.

4. chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira chachikulu kwambiri (DN1300 ndi kupitirira apo): chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa ntchito za mapaipi amadzi, mafuta ndi gasi, mapaipi a pansi pamadzi ndi mapulojekiti ena akuluakulu omanga nyumba.

Miyezo ndi malamulo
M'mimba mwake mwapadera ndi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa motsatira miyezo ndi malamulo oyenera, monga:
1. Miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi:
API 5L: yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chitoliro chachitsulo choyendera mapaipi, imafotokoza kukula ndi zofunikira za chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira.
ASTM A252: yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chitoliro chachitsulo chomangidwa, kukula kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira ndi zofunikira pakupanga.

 

2. Muyezo Wadziko Lonse:
GB/T 9711: yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chitoliro chachitsulo poyendetsa mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi, imafotokoza zofunikira zaukadaulo za chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira.
GB/T 3091: yogwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa madzi otsika ndi chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa, imafotokoza kukula kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo.