Mu chitsulo chamakono cha mafakitale, chinthu chimodzi chimaonekera ngati maziko a zomangamanga chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera - mapaipi achitsulo a Q345, omwe amapereka mphamvu, kulimba, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino.
Q345 ndi chitsulo chopanda aloyi ambiri, chomwe kale chinkadziwika kuti 16Mn. "Q" m'mawu ake imayimira mphamvu yotulutsa, pomwe "345" imasonyeza mphamvu yotulutsa yocheperako ya 345 MPa kutentha kwa chipinda. Mogwirizana ndi muyezo wa GB/T 1591-2008, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'milatho, nyumba, magalimoto, sitima, zombo zothamanga, ndi mapulojekiti aukadaulo a cryogenic. Nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa m'mikhalidwe yotentha kapena yokhazikika.
Kugwirizana pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 ndi ubwino wina waukulu. Kuchuluka kwake kwa mpweya wochepa (nthawi zambiri ≤0.20%) komanso kapangidwe kake ka alloy koyenera kumatsimikizira kusinthasintha kwabwino. Kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa arc yachitsulo pamanja, kuwotcherera kwa arc yonyowa pansi pa nthaka, kapena kuwotcherera kotetezedwa ndi gasi, malo olumikizirana okhazikika komanso odalirika amatha kupezeka, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zovuta zomangira pamalopo. Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe ake abwino kwambiri ogwirira ntchito ozizira komanso otentha amalola kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zooneka ngati mawonekedwe kudzera munjira monga kupotoza, kupindika, ndi kupondaponda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwirizana ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana aukadaulo.
Malo Ogwiritsira Ntchito: Kuyambira pa Kapangidwe Kodziwika Kwambiri mpaka pa Zamagetsi, mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 alowerera mbali zonse zamakampani amakono. Pa zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga za milatho, amachirikiza mafelemu a nyumba zazitali ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati zomangira zazikulu za milatho yozungulira mitsinje, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo zambiri kuti achepetse kulemera kwa kapangidwe kake pomwe akupirira zivomerezi ndi mphepo yamphamvu kudzera mu kulimba kowonjezereka. Makina oyendetsera mainjiniya, ma shaft oyendetsera magalimoto olemera, ndi mizati ya zida zamakina zonse zimafuna zipangizo zophatikiza mphamvu ndi kukana kutopa. Kudzera mu njira zokokera zozizira ndi zokulitsa kutentha, mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 amakwaniritsa bwino zofunikira zamakina za zigawo zosiyanasiyana, ndikuwonjezera moyo wa zida. Pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi mapaipi—monga mapaipi otumizira mafuta ndi gasi, maukonde amadzi ndi kutentha m'mizinda, ndi mapaipi otenthetsera kwambiri m'maboiler amagetsi—zipangizo ziyenera kupirira kupsinjika kwamkati ndi dzimbiri lakunja. Mapaipi achitsulo a Q345, otetezedwa ndi dzimbiri pamwamba (monga kujambula, galvanizing), amatsimikizira kuti ntchito yokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo onyowa, fumbi, kapena owononga pang'ono, kuteteza mayendedwe amagetsi otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima.
Chitsimikizo cha Njira:Kudzipereka Kwabwino Kuchokera ku Ingot Kupita ku Chogulitsidwa Chomalizidwa Kupanga mapaipi achitsulo apamwamba a Q345 kumadalira kuwongolera kolondola kwa njira zopangira. Mapaipi opanda msoko amabowoledwa, kuzunguliridwa, ndi kukula kuti atsimikizire makulidwe ofanana a khoma ndi kulondola kwa miyeso. Mapaipi olumikizidwa amapangidwa kudzera mu kuwotcherera kwa arc komwe kumachitika pafupipafupi kapena pansi pamadzi, kutsatiridwa ndi mayeso osawononga komanso chithandizo chochepetsa kupsinjika kuti athetse ngozi zomwe zingachitike panthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Chitoliro chilichonse chachitsulo cha Q345 choyenerera chimayesedwa kangapo—kuphatikizapo mayeso okakamiza, mayeso okhudzidwa, ndi kuyeza kuuma—kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikutsatira malamulo.
Zochitika Zamtsogolo:Njira Yokonzera Zinthu Zatsopano ndi Zosangalatsa
Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa zolinga za "dual carbon" komanso kufunikira kwakukulu kwa zopepuka zamafakitale, mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 akusintha kuti agwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti chilengedwe chikhale cholimba. Kumbali imodzi, kudzera mu njira zabwino zopangira ma microalloying (monga kuwonjezera zinthu monga niobium ndi titanium), mbadwo watsopano wa mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 umachepetsanso kugwiritsa ntchito alloy pamene ukusunga mphamvu, kukwaniritsa "zambiri ndi zochepa." Kumbali ina, kukweza kwanzeru kupanga—kuyambira kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni kapangidwe ka chitsulo chosungunuka mpaka kulosera momwe zinthu zatsirizidwira—kumawonjezera kukhazikika kwa chinthu ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola kudzera mu kuwongolera kwa digito kuyambira kumapeto mpaka kumapeto.
Mu zochitika zogwiritsira ntchitoMapaipi achitsulo a Q345 akukulirakulira mu gawo latsopano la mphamvu—mapangidwe othandizira nsanja za ma turbine amphepo, zida zonyamula katundu zama racks a photovoltaic, ndi mapaipi oyendera hydrogen zonse zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwatsopano pa mphamvu ya zinthu ndi kukana nyengo. Kudzera mu kukonza magwiridwe antchito, mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 pang'onopang'ono akukhala zinthu zomwe zimakondedwa kwambiri m'magawo awa. Kuyambira malo odziwika bwino a m'mizinda mpaka m'malo opangira mphamvu, kuyambira makina olemera mpaka zomangamanga za anthu onse, mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 akuwonetsa kufunika kwa mafakitale kwa chitsulo champhamvu chotsika pogwiritsa ntchito mapindu awo akuluakulu a mphamvu yayikulu, kulimba kwambiri, komanso kosavuta kukonza. Sangokhala umboni wa kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo pazinthu zachitsulo komanso ngati "msana wachitsulo" wofunikira kwambiri pakupanga kwamakono. Pa gawo lamtsogolo la mafakitale, mapaipi achitsulo a Q345 apitiliza kuyankha ku zosowa za nthawiyo kudzera mu luso ndi kukweza, ndikulowetsa "mphamvu yachitsulo" m'mapulojekiti ena apamwamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-01-2025
