Ke kila kalapona, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila kalapona, pili i ka hao a me nā hui kalapona i loaʻa ka emi ma mua o 2% kalapona, ʻo ke kila kalapona ma waho aʻe o ke kalapona i loaʻa pinepine kahi liʻiliʻi o ka silicon, manganese, sulfur a me ka phosphorus.
Kila kohu ʻole, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila kūpaʻa waikawa kila, pili i ke kūpaʻa o ka ea, ka mahu, ka wai a me nā mea ʻino palupalu ʻē aʻe a me nā waikawa, alkalis, paʻakai a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika ʻē aʻe i ke kila corrosion. I ka hana maoli, ʻo ke kila i kūpaʻa i ka mea ʻino nāwaliwali i kapa pinepine ʻia he kila kila, a ʻo ke kila i kūpaʻa i ka mea ʻino kemika i kapa ʻia he kila kūpaʻa waikawa.
(1) Ke kūpaʻa i ka pala a me ka ʻānai ʻana
ʻO ke kila kila he mea hoʻohuihui i kū i ka pala e nā mea hoʻoheheʻe palupalu e like me ka ea, ka mahu, ka wai a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki kemika e like me nā waikawa, alkalis a me nā paʻakai. A ʻo kēia hana nui i pili i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea kila kila - chromium. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka chromium ma mua o 12%, e hana ka ʻili o ke kila kila i kahi papa o ka ʻili oxidized, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka passivation film, me kēia papa o ka ʻili oxidized ʻaʻole e maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i kekahi mau media, pāʻani i kahi hana hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi, loaʻa iā ia kahi kūpaʻa ikaika i ka pala.
ʻO ke kila kalapona e pili ana i kahi metala hao-kalapona i loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 2.11% kalapona, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila kalapona, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona paʻakikī ma mua o ke kila kila, akā ʻoi aku ke kaumaha, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka plasticity, a maʻalahi hoʻi e ʻōpala.
(2) nā ʻano haku mele like ʻole
ʻO ke kila kila he pōkole no ke kila kila kūpaʻa waikawa, kūpaʻa i ka ea, ka mahu, ka wai a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe a i ʻole me ke kila kila i kapa ʻia he kila kila; a e kūpaʻa i nā mea ʻino kemika (nā waikawa, alkalis, paʻakai a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe) ʻo ka pala o ke kila i kapa ʻia he kila kūpaʻa waikawa.
He hui hao-kalapona ka kila kalapona me ka nui o ke kalapona o 0.0218% a i 2.11%. Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi he kila kalapona. Loaʻa pū kekahi i loko o ia mea he liʻiliʻi o ka silicon, manganese, sulfur, a me ka phosphorus.
(3) Kumukūʻai
ʻO kekahi mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai, ʻo ia ka ʻokoʻa o ke kumukūʻai ma waena o ke kila kalapona a me ke kila kila ʻole. ʻOiai he ʻokoʻa ke kumukūʻai o nā kila like ʻole, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o ke kila kila ma mua o ke kila kalapona, ma muli nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole, e like me ka chromium, nickel, a me ka manganese, i ke kila kila.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila kalapona, he nui nā mea hoʻohuihui ʻē aʻe i hui pū ʻia me ke kila kila ʻole a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila kalapona. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke kila kalapona ka mea nui i nā mea hao a me ke kalapona haʻahaʻa. Inā he kālā paʻa kāu no kāu papahana, a laila ʻo ke kila kalapona paha ke koho maikaʻi loa.
ʻO wai ka mea paʻakikī, ke kila a i ʻole ke kila kalapona?
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kila kalapona no ka mea he nui aku ke kalapona i loko, akā ʻo ka hemahema, he maʻamau ia e popo.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, e pili ana ka paʻakikī pololei i ke ʻano, a pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, no ka mea, ʻo ka mea paʻakikī ke ʻano he maʻalahi ka haki ʻana, akā ʻo ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa he ʻoi aku ka paʻa a ʻaʻole hiki ke haki.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-22-2025
